Current condition of electro-physical bactericidal and insecticidal grain products processing methods

UDC 621.314

D. Zakharov

At this stage of agriculture developments there is acute problem of improving the quality and reduce losses of grain products during storage period. Also, given the economic crisis and the desire to limit the use of chemicals to control pests and pathogenic fungi, interest in electro-physical methods of agricultural products processing is growing in the world.
Conducted analysis has shown that for the implementation of bactericidal and insecticidal processing of agricultural products are actively develops electrical equipment for high voltage electric fields, electromagnetic and magnetic fields, infrared and ultraviolet and gamma radiation processing of grain. One of the main methods of disinfection is processing of grain mass with ozone, however, established that the disadvantage of grain disinfection systems that uses ozone generators are gas losses, since ozone while moving from the generator into the chamber is partially decomposed into oxygen, which in turn leads to inflating equipment power and reduce processing efficiency. Therefore, development and improvement of equipment for generating ozone in the volume of grain mass remains relevant.
Thus the necessity of developing the equipment for grain products disinfection by high-frequency pulse corona discharge is established. Article established prospects of grain disinfection by pulse corona discharge volume method in the grain mass. This method has several advantages including absence of ozone pipeline, since ozone is generated in the grain mass, high frequency of high voltage discharges provides relative safety of operation and small size of the high voltage pulse generator of ozone generator.

Key words: ozone generator, electro-physical methods, grain disinfection, corona discharge.

Current condition of electro-physical bactericidal and insecticidal grain products processing methods.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Simulation of electromagnetic field characteristics for metal conductive buses with rectangular cross-section

UDC 621.3

O. Kyrychenko, Candidate of Technical Science, Associate Professor
Mykolayiv National Agrarian University

The numerical simulation of main characteristics of magnetic field for metal conductive buses of rectangular cross section is performed. The electromagnetic field pattern and quantitative parameters for magnetic induction, magnetic field strength and volumetric energy density are obtained. The graphic illustrations demonstrate visually the uneven distribution of the electromagnetic field on the geometry of the conductive bus. The usability of numerical analysis of the characteristics of electromagnetic field for metal conductive buses is shown.

Key words: electromagnetic field, magnetic induction, magnetic strength, metal buses, rectangular section.

Simulation of electromagnetic field characteristics for metal conductive buses with rectangular cross-section.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

The influence of temperature and light conditions at the formation of sex in rabbits of specialized meat breeds

UDC 636.92

A. Pogorelova

The results of the analysis of the impact of the length of daylight and ambient temperature during pairing and pregnancy of the rabbit on multiple fetus and imitation rabbit sex in young specialized meat breeds. The multiple fetus found high rates of rabbit, detained for the duration of daylight hours 14-16 and temperatures of +11-20оС. Lower rates multiple fetus had rabbit for the duration of 6-8 hours of daylight and temperature and below 0оС and + +31оС and above. Dynamics of changes in multiple fetus toward greater with increasing duration of daylight and temperatures approaching the optimal maintenance. It was established that with increasing temperature to +30оС multiple fetus rabbit decreases. Determined that the least amount the rabbits born at low temperatures and minimum duration of daylight, but with an increase in the length of daylight increases and the number of births the rabbits. The studied, males are born contrary contribute to low temperatures and reducing the duration of daylight. The best value in offspring sex distribution (50/50) observed when approaching. Hold pairing with rabbit and pregnancy of the rabbit to +11о – +20оС and 12-14 hours duration of daylight. The analysis of variance of the factors in multiple fetus imitation rabbit and sex of calves. The results of analysis of variance indicate the likely impact of temperature and length of daylight on the floor in imitation of posterity, respectively 42 and 31%.

Key words: multiple fetus, hold, navpex, temperature, daylight, pregnancy.

The influence of temperature and light conditions at the formation of sex in rabbits of specialized meat breeds.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Peculiarities of genetic structure of the Southern meat cattle breed were based on the microsatellite DNA of loci: TGLA53, TGLA122, TGLA126 and TGLA227

UDC 575.827: 636.2.033

O. Kramarenko
I. Dovhopola

Genetic structure of the Southern meat cattle breed from the State Enterprise Experimental Farm “Askaniyske” NAAS (Kherson region) were investigated based on the microsatellite DNA loci. A total of 192 individuals were analyzed. Of those, 100 individuals represented “Santa Gertrudis” (SG) subpopulation and 92 ones represented “Zebu” (ZB) subpopulation. A panel of 4 bovine-specific microsatellite markers (TGLA53, TGLA122, TGLA126 and TGLA227), recommended of the ISAG for cattle genetic diversity studies, was selected for genetic characterization and revealing the extent of genetic diversity in the Southern Meat cattle breed.
Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue samples using Nexttec column (Nexttec Biotechnology GmbH, Germany) following the manufacturer’s instructions. The DNA concentration was estimated by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm and the DNA quality was checked by separation on agarose gels. PCR products were detected by АВI 3130xl (Applied Biosystems, USA), subsequently processed via GeneMapper ID v. 3.2 software. All laboratory tests were conducted in the laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Animal Center of Biotechnology and Molecular Diagnostics, All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Husbandry named after academy member L.K. Ernst.
For the SG-subpopulation, frequency of the TGLA53156, TGLA122143, TGLA22789 and TGLA22797 alleles is significantly higher, whereas frequency of the TGLA53162, TGLA53166, TGLA122145, TGLA122149 and TGLA22781 alleles is predominant for the ZB-subpopulation.
We report for the first time, the distribution and the frequency of a taurine and an indicine specific alleles amongst SG- and ZB-subpopulations of the Southern Meat cattle breed. Three alleles (TGLA122149, TGLA12612 and TGLA22777) were classified as zebu diagnostic; on other hand, three other alleles (TGLA53156, TGLA122143 and TGLA126115) were classified as taurine breeds diagnostic.

Key words: microsatellite DNA loci, genotypic and allelic richness, taurus/indicus-specific alleles, the Southern Meat cattle breed, cattle.

Peculiarities of genetic structure of the Southern meat cattle breed were based on the microsatellite DNA of loci: TGLA53, TGLA122, TGLA126 and TGLA227.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Relation between molecular genetic markers and classes of sheep

UDC 636.32/38.082.12

V. Kyrychenko,
S. Kot,
K. Skrepets

Observation of structural changes in the concentration of genetic characteristics in the process of crossing and pure breeding, to evaluate a combination of allelic status of genes coding for a protein or clusters of genes with quantitative traits, to identify genetic markers of high performance, resistance, optimal combination of parental pairs, and establish the role of each from source rocks in the formation of genetic structure in the process rock formation.
Since the formation of the desired phenotype in the process of selection involving all the physiological, biochemical and genetic systems, including those that control metabolism, biochemical data use and immunogenetic analysis in breeding work can significantly accelerate the breeding process and increase the efficiency of breeding.
As a result of appraisal, which is the multilateral evaluation of animal production traits and their breeding value on a range of signs, sheep are arranged in classes. Our studies have shown that there is a certain connection between the distribution of lambs into classes and molecular genetic markers.
In our work, we studied the relationship between molecular genetic blood markers of Ascanian karakul sheep and lamb class indicators. Reliable differences were determined between groups of individuals with different genotypes of transferrin locus among lambs of different classes. Additionally, it was discovered that genotypes TfAB and TfBB were found significantly more frequently among elite lambs.
Investigations of the relation between alleles of Tf-locus and lamb distribution into classes showed if the concentration of allele TfC increases the number of animals of better classes decrease.
Thus, we can conclude that there is a relation between the transferrin locus and lamb classes.
The established relation will greatly improve the efficiency of plant breeding in Karakul sheep-breeding.

Key words: sheep, genotype, immunogenetics, marker, class.

Relation between molecular genetic markers and classes of sheep.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Implementation a behavioral acts of single sows of different genotypes

UDC 636.4.083

A. Lykhach

An important component in improving the effectiveness of the pig industry is the study of the ethological characteristics of different breeds and production groups of pigs, since knowledge of the behavior of pigs allows us to predict the biological potential of animals and increase their productivity in industrial technology. Proceeding from this, the main goal of our studies was a comparative study of the ethological characteristics of single sows of different genotypes.
To do this, we studied the behavior of sows using the timekeeping method by visual observations. The main criteria for ethological research were indicators of the time of active movement, rest, fееding and water. The total number of single sows that were used in the experiment was 120 heads. Ethological research of single sows were conducted on pig farms Mykolayiv and Kherson regions
Sows of different genotypes were kept in group machines with 8 heads. On average, one sow accounted for 1,8-1,9 m2 of the total area of the machine, the feeding front was 30 sm, which corresponds to optimal conditions of maintenance. Single sows were feed twice a day: morning and evening, dry friable feed. The parameters of the microclimate during the study period corresponded to the optimal parameters.
During the research we established that the purebred uterus of the breed Pietren and the breed combination ♀WL × ♂L are characterized by greater mobility – 43,9-47,0%, in turn, sows of the Ukrainian meat breed and the intra-breed type of Durok breed of the Ukrainian selection “Stepnoy” – a lower mobility – 35,7-37,1%, and sows of large white breed occupy an intermediate position by mobility – 38,3%. As a result, it was found that the external signs of estrus in active sows of all genotypes were observed for 4.5 days and 2.9 days for the passive, but the ability to mate in active sows is manifested for 3.4 days, and in passive – 2,5 days.
Key words: single sows, behavior, breed, mobility, genotype.

Key words: single sows, behavior sows, breed sows, mobility sows, genotype sows.

Implementation a behavioral acts of single sows of different genotypes.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

The use of beef obtained from animals of different weight conditions for the production of sausages

UDC 636.22.28

Е. Petrovа,
A. Smorochinskiy,
R. Tribrat.

The topicality of technology researches of beef production with fattening calves of Ukrainian red dairy breed in the southern region of Ukraine is proved.
The classical technology of cooked sausages production and especially beef cooking. Is analyzed the efficiency of fattening young cattle of different weight conditions and the influence of masita technological properties of beef by the amount of output cooked sausages and their quality are determined.
It is showed that the live weight of animals of group 2 for the implementation of their meat at the age of 24 months was, on average, 577,6 kg and 18 months of age 444,2 kg. The results of researches proved that there is a tendency of more significant bodyfat of cattle that were fed for longer time with the aim to achieve their significant body weight. When trimming sides of beef obtained from steers of group 1, output of muscular tissue made up 76,56%, and the peers of group 2 – 80,39%.
It is established that the meat yield of the highest and first grade in half carcasses which is obtained from young cattle to high weight standards. Thus, for a limited number of cattle we have the ability to improve the base raw material for the meat industry.
It is established that due to the significant reduction in the cattle population, for a moderate level of feeding, appropriate non-castrated calves of Ukrainian red dairy breed fattened to high weight standards.

Key words: cattle, technology, the fattening beef. cooked sausage, organoleptic evaluation.

The use of beef obtained from animals of different weight conditions for the production of sausages.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Indexes of microclimate in the section for rearing piglets which depend on the way of ventilating the premise

UDC 636.4.082

V.  Voloshchuk,
V.  Herasymchuk

It has been studied the questions of temperature regime, dust pollution and bacteriological insemination in the premise for rearing piglets which depend on the way of giving fresh air into premise, its clearing out and from the season of a year. It was determined the probability of differences between indexes in premises which are equiped with different systems for creating microclimate.

Key words: pig breeding, microclimate, piglets on rearing, dust pollution, bacteriological insemination, seasons of a year, temperature.

Indexes of microclimate in the section for rearing piglets which depend on the way of ventilating the premise.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

Genetic polymorphism of the red white belted breed pigs based on microsatellite markers

UDC 636.4.082.25:575.22

S. Lugovoy, PhD (Agr.), Ass. Professor
S. Kramarenko, DSc (Biol.), Ass. Professor
S. Galimov, PhD (Agr.), Ass. Professor
Mykolayiv National Agrarian University

The aim of this study was to analyze the genetic variability and population structure of the Red White Belted breed pigs. Twelve microsatellite loci were selected and belong to the list of microsatellite markers recommended by FAO/ISAG. The number of observed alleles (Na) detected ranged from 4 to 8, with an overall mean of 6.67 and a total of 80 alleles were observed at these loci. The overall means for observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities were 0.649 and 0.693, respectively. The population effective size (Ne) estimate based on LD-method is 59.2 (95% CI: 36-129) individuals. This population has not undergone any recent and/or sudden reduction in the effective population size and remained at mutation-drift equilibrium.

Key words: genetic polymorphism, microsatellite loci, pigs, the Red White Belted breed.

Genetic polymorphism of the red white belted breed pigs based on microsatellite markers.

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Issue №1 (93), 2017

Crop productivity of oil-bearing flax when applying the dual use technologies of a crop

UDC 633.854.54; 631.572

O. Rudik,
I. Mrynsky

The generalized productivity assessment of oil-bearing flax of dual-use is done in the area of dry Steppe of Ukraine. The production potentialities and expediency of applying straw of oil-bearing flax to obtain fibrous raw materials are substantiated. It is found out that under different conditions of irrigation the yielding capacity of seeds reaches 1.65 and 2.16 t/ha according to an appropriate cultivation technology.
Irrigation has the most significant influence on the crop, it provides the increase of flax productivity by 34.9 %. Fertilizer application predetermines the seed productivity 1.41 – 1.43 times higher. Under conditions of dry land the application of mineral fertilizers of N90P60K60, the sowing rate of 6 mln pcs/ha, the row spacing of 15 cm provide the obtaining of 0.64 t/ha of oil and 2.36 t/ha of straw which contains 0.34 t/ha of bast suitable for use.
Under conditions of irrigation the application of mineral fertilizers of N90P60K60, the sowing rate of 7 mln pcs/ha, the row spacing of 15 cm make it possible to obtain 0.85 t/ha of oil and 3.19 t/ha of straw which contains 0.68 t of bast. It is determined that agrotechnical measures which provide the increase of seed productivity simultaneously predetermine rising the value of straw as a raw material. Wastes of fibre production, when consuming for heating, make it possible to obtain the energy of 30 – 37.4 Hecto-joule /ha.
The mathematical models for calculating the output of oil, bast and energy according to the change of elements of the crop’s cultivation technology are created. The measures for raising the efficiency of cultivation and dual-use of oil-bearing flax are proposed.

Key words: oil-bearing flax, seed, straw, straw processing, fibre, bast, bioenergetics.

Crop productivity of oil-bearing flax when applying the dual use technologies of a crop.

Issue №1 (93), 2017