UNC 331.25

Pavluyk E., postgraduate
Mykolaiv National Agrarian University

The article describes the experience of forming of consolidated pension systems in Eastern European countries of the European Union. The consolidated pension schemes are key moments for modern economy and economic policy. The population pressure is rising with the necessity of the old vulnerable pension system transformation. This situation updates partial privatization of pension system and stimulates investments in the real and financial sectors of economy. The study would consider the experience of post-communist countries in pension systems reforming, that will help to discover the major trends, triumphs and failures of transformations. The study illustrates that the implementation of consolidated pension schemes was the main result of those reforms. These schemes are based on financing of the future pensions in accordance with levels of pension system. The Western consolidated pension system has three levels. The paper contains analyze of their transformation, major issues of realignment and ways of practical difficulties permissions. All the pension systems, which are researched, have common and different features. They depend on demographic, geopolitical and economic situation in state. Among common features of the post- communist pension systems reforming there is an occurrence of the third level after the first, inherited after planned command economy of the USSR. The third level allowed citizens to increase their retire income and to control its amount in voluntary way. The second level with obligatory participation for employees was realized after the third one on the Government initiative. Every country has its own specific features. In Lithuania citizens can choose whether to take part in the second level of pension system. The Polish Government temporarily suspended filling of the second level of the pension system. Thus, the experience of pension systems reforming in Western EU-members is useful for the pension transformation process in Ukraine, because of the familiar demographic, geopolitical and economic conditions.

Keywords

E. Pavluyk. The experience of forming of consolidated pension systems  in Eastern European countries

References:
1. Armando Barrientos. Social Pensions in Low-Income Countries. In Closing the Coverage Gap, ed. Robert Holzmann, David A. Robalino, Noriyuki Takayama, 73-84 p. Washington DC: The World Bank, 2009.
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Е. А. Павлюк. Опыт формирования консолидированных систем пенсионного обеспечения в восточноевропейских странах
В статье рассмотрен опыт формирования консолидированных систем пенсионного обеспечения восточноевропейских стран-членов Европейского Союза. Изложена суть консолидированных систем пенсионного обеспечения и источники их финансирования. Исследованы этапы их трансформации, проанализированы основные проблемы, возникавшие при перестройке пенсионных систем, и пути их решения.

E. Pavluyk. The experience of forming of consolidated pension systems  in Eastern European countries
The article describes the experience of forming of consolidated pension systems in Eastern European countries of the European Union. The consolidated pension schemes are key moments for modern economy and economic policy. The population pressure is rising with the necessity of the old vulnerable pension system transformation. This situation updates partial privatization of pension system and stimulates investments in the real and financial sectors of economy.