E.A. Domaratsky, A.V. Dobrovolsky. Influence of non-root infusions with complex multifunctional preparations on the level and qualitative composition of the chlorophyll complex in sunflower plants.

E.A. Domaratsky

A.V. Dobrovolsky

The effectiveness of foliar dressing with microelements is widely known. Nowadays, the microfertilizers on complex basis have grown in popularity. It has been proved that plant growth regulators stimulate the growth of the foliar apparatus, affect the biosynthesis of chlorophylls, the formation of chloroplasts, the transport of photoassimilants and the intensity of photosynthesis.
The aim of this research was to determine the influence of extra-root dressing with complex multifunctional fertilizer Wuxal® and Helafit Combi® on the state of the initial processes of photosynthesis, to determine the dependence of the responsiveness on light conditions for the formation of chlorophyll content (overall and fractional), depending on the background of mineral nutrition and foliar dressing with multifunctional fertilizers.

The article presents the results of studies on the determination of the content of chlorophyll (general and fractional), depending on the background of mineral nutrition and leaf foliage supplementation with multifunctional fertilizers Wuxal® and Helafit Combi®.

In the conditions of field experiment on black earths of the usual low humus zone of the Steppe of Ukraine, it has been proved that improvement of the nutritional regime of sunflower agrocenosis (the introduction of mineral fertilizers by the norm N30P45 in combination with the multifunctional combination compound Helafit Kombi®) during the years of research on average increases the total content of chlorophyll by 61%. At the same time, the content of the fraction of chlorophyll “a” increases (by 85% compared with the fraction “b”), and the ratio of the fraction “a” to “b” increases from 2.26 to 4.01. This process is accompanied by an increase in the yield of sunflower by 39%.

The further use of research results will provide the opportunity for multidimensional study and determination of the degree of influence of new fertilizers and growth stimulators on optimization of the nutritional regime of sunflower agrocenosis and their subsequent use during cultivation of plants in the agroclimatic conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine.


Key words: sunflower, fertilizer, yield, chlorophyll, Helafit Combi.

References:

  1. Riabchun N. Fotosyntez ta vrozhainist zernovykh kultur [Elektronnyi resurs] / N. Riabchun // Rezhym dostupu: http://propozitsiya.com/ua/fotosintez-ta-vrozhaynist-zernovih-kultur
  2. Informatsiinyi rozdil saitu hrupy kompanii «REAKOM». [Elektronnyi resurs]. – 2007. – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.reacom.info/info.html
  3. Reakom [Elektronnyi resurs]. // Sait «Torhovyi dim Nasinnia». – Kyev, 2004. – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.ukrfood.com.ua/tdn/defence5.php#top
  4. Monteverde N.A. Yzsldovaniia nad’ obrazovaniemъ khlorofylla u rastenii / N.A. Monteverde, V.Y. Liubymenko // Yzvstiia Ymperatorskoi Akademiy Nauk’. VI seriia, 5:1 (1911), 73–101
  5. Speer, Brian R. Photosynthetic Pigments / na saite UCMP Glossary (online). – University of California, Berkeley Museum of Paleontology. Verified availability August 4, 2005.
  6. Raven, Peter H.; Evert, Ray F.; Eichhorn, Susan E. Photosynthesis, Light, and Life // Biology of Plants. — 7th. — W.H. Freeman, 2005. — P. 119–127. — ISBN 0-7167-9811-5.
  7. Lange, L.; Nobel, P.; Osmond, C.; Ziegler, H. Physiological Plant Ecology I – Responses to the Physical Environment. — Springer-Verlag, 1981. — Vol. 12A. — P. 67, 259.
  8. Bulda O. V. y dr. Spektrofotometrycheskyi metod opredelenyia soderzhanyia karotynov, ksantofyllov y khlorofyllov v ekstraktakh semian rastenyi //Fyzyolohyia rastenyi. – 2008. – T. 55. – №. 4. – S. 604-611.
  9. Kharakterystyka mitsnosti zviazku khlorofilu z bilkovo-lipidnym kompleksom u roslyn pshenytsi za dii salitsylovoi kysloty ta kadmii khlorydu / Kavulych Ya. ta in. // Naukovyi visnyk Chernivetskoho universytetu. Biolohiia (Biolohichni systemy). – 2013. – №. 5, Vyp. 4. – S. 471-474.
  10. Boardman N.K. Comparative photosynthesis of sun and shade plants / N.K. Boardman // Annual review of plant physiology, 1977. – 28(1), 355-377.
  11. Karpenko V. P. Intensyvnist protsesiv lipoperoksydatsii ta stan antyoksydantnykh system zakhystu yachmeniu yaroho za dii herbitsydu Hranstar 75 i rehuliatora rostu roslyn Emistym S / Karpenko V. P. // Zbirnyk nauk. prats Umanskoho DAU. – 2009. – Vyp. 72. – Ch. 1. – S. 30- 39.
  12. Ponomarenko S. P. Shliakhamy do ekolohichnoi syrovyny dlia vyroshchuvannia produktiv dytiachoho kharchuvannia / Ponomarenko S. P. // Zakhyst roslyn. – 2005. – № 4. –S. 15–17.
  13. Vlyianye vnekornevoi podkormky preparatom REAKOM na systemu fotosynteza rastenyi / Bairak N. V. y dr. // Visnyk Kharkivskoho natsionalnoho universytetu imeni V.N. Karazina. Seriia: Biolohiia. – 2008. – №. 8. – S. 137-141.
  14. Dospekhov B.A. Metodyka polevoho opyita / B.A. Dospekhov. – M. : Kolos, 1985. – 335s.
  15. Teunova E. A. Tekhnolohycheskye yssledovanyia po obosnovanyiu sostava helia khlorofyllypta / E. A. Teunova, Z. D. Khadzhyeva // Razrabotka, yssledovanye y marketynh novoi farmatsevtycheskoi produktsyy : sb. nauch. trudov. — Piatyhorsk, 2010. — Vyip. 65. — S. 232—233.
  16. Roslynnytstvo : pidruchnyk / V.V. Bazalii, O.I. Zinchenko, Yu.O. Lavrynenko ta in. – Kherson : Hrin D.S., 2015. – 520 s.: il.
  17. Domaratskyi Ye.O. Osoblyvosti vodospozhyvannia soniashnyka za riznykh umov mineralnoho zhyvlennia / Ye.O. Domaratskyi, A.V. Dobrovolskyi // Naukovi dopovidi NUBiP Ukrainy. – 2017.– № 1 (65). – Rezhym dostupu : http://journals.nubip.edu.ua/index.php/Dopovidi/article/view/8117
  18. Bazalii V.V. Ahrotekhnichnyi sposib prolonhatsii fotosyntetychnoi diialnosti roslyn soniashnyku / V.V. Bazalii, Ye.O. Domaratskyi, A.V. Dobrovolskyi // Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky Prychornomor´ia. – 2016. – № 4 (92). – S. 77 – 84.

Agrotechnical method of prolongation in photosynthetic activity of sunflower plants

UDC 633.854:632.931.1

V. Bazaliy,
E. Domaratzkiy,
A. Dobrovolskiy

It is known that the rate of photosynthesis is determined by the assimilated surface area of leaves which, in its turn, depends on growing conditions. The question about the peculiarities of mineral nutrition of sunflower is important to define a theoretical foundation for the use of fertilizers and drugs of combined action. In the modern technologies rooting out is one of the best methods of fertilizer application. The article presents the results of the influence of root out nutrition of sunflower plants by the drug Khelafit Comby. It is established its stimulating effect to prolong the photosynthetic activity, a decrease of empty grains in baskets and an increase of seed weight from one basket, which leads to the increase in the level of sunflower yield by 0,27 t/ha.
At the beginning of the growing season the results showed that reducing the size of the assimilation apparatus has a similar characters in most cases, but in 15 – 20 days after the observations it was noticed a significant difference. So, by the first control on September 5 it was only 22% of the active leaf surface and after two times treatment by the drug Khelafit Comby this figure was twice as much. During the control testing of the sunflower on September 15 almost all the leaves of the plants were not capable for photosynthetic activity and with the using Khelafit Comby 16% of the area of the entire leaf surface was functional.
The treatment for sunflower plants by the drug Khelafit Comby gave the opportunity to reduce the emptiness of grains in baskets for 7 – 10% and to increase the seed weight from one basket by 8,8 – 15,4%. The result of this impact was a steady increase of the sunflower yield. Due to the low cost of this drug it can significantly increase the economic indicators of the sunflower growing.
Further use of the research results will provide the opportunity for multifaceted study and determine the impact of the new khelafit fertilizers, biological fungicides and plant growth stimulants and their further application with the technology elements improvement of sunflower cultivation in agro-climatic conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine.

Agrotechnical method of prolongation in photosynthetic activity of sunflower plants.

Issue 4 (92), 2016