Method of increasing productivity and preservation of piglets

UDC 636.4.084.421

A. Lykhach,
V. Lykhach

At present, pig farms are often the death of young pigs due to coli-enterotoxemia. Given this fact, the disease is relevant, since it is very common in pigs. This disease usually affects piglets after weaning more live weight. This occurs when excessive and greedy eating of a large number of feeds, especially heavily peppered ones. Treatment of coli-enterotoxemia is effective only at the onset of the disease. The main condition must be prevention. The most effective and cost-effective method of preventing and treating a disease is feeding the excised pigs within the zoo-hygienic norms of sodium chloride.
However, in pigsty there is no clear idea of the period of use of sodium chloride to prevent colienterotoxemia of piglets after weaning. In this regard, the main goal of our research was to study the period of use of sodium chloride for piglets after weaning to prevent colienterotoxemia. For this purpose, we conducted scientific experiments in the conditions of the agricultural cooperative “Mig-Service-Agro” of the Mykolaiv region and formed 5 experimental groups of extramarital piglets weighing 8 kg on the principle of analogues.
During the studies, we found that the best option for preventing coli-enteric toxicity in piglets was the introduction of sodium chloride 4 days before and 4 days after weaning, since almost the first day pigs consumed sodium chloride and showed great interest in mineral fertilization, and therefore had significantly higher productivity during growing up than their peers.
Thus, the largest live weight, registered in the IV experimental group of pigs, who had free access to sodium chloride 4 days before and 4 days after weaning, was 37.8 kg than the animals of the I, II, III, V experimental groups. This fact contributed to an increase in the average daily gain of the mass of piglets in the group IV – 404.2 g, in contrast to peers I-III groups – 321.8 384.1 grams. Thus, the survival of piglets was highest in pigs of the IV experimental group – 98.8%.
In our opinion, the physiological effect of sodium chloride to prevent coli-enterotoxemia of pigs is the presence of a “sodium-potassium pump”
First, through the smallest pores, sodium is pumped out of cells. As a result, the concentration of sodium in the intracellular fluid decreases in the presence of salt. Other sodium ions penetrate the protective membrane into the cell. There is a constant exchange of fluids between the outer and inner cells. Otherwise, there is accumulation of fluid around the intracellular membrane and provokes edema, and then the nervous, edema forms of the disease.

Keyword: piglets, piglets ‘productivity, piglets’ safety, sodium chloride, weaning.

Method of increasing productivity and preservation of piglets.

Issue 4 (96), 2017

Implementation a behavioral acts of single sows of different genotypes

UDC 636.4.083

A. Lykhach

An important component in improving the effectiveness of the pig industry is the study of the ethological characteristics of different breeds and production groups of pigs, since knowledge of the behavior of pigs allows us to predict the biological potential of animals and increase their productivity in industrial technology. Proceeding from this, the main goal of our studies was a comparative study of the ethological characteristics of single sows of different genotypes.
To do this, we studied the behavior of sows using the timekeeping method by visual observations. The main criteria for ethological research were indicators of the time of active movement, rest, fееding and water. The total number of single sows that were used in the experiment was 120 heads. Ethological research of single sows were conducted on pig farms Mykolayiv and Kherson regions
Sows of different genotypes were kept in group machines with 8 heads. On average, one sow accounted for 1,8-1,9 m2 of the total area of the machine, the feeding front was 30 sm, which corresponds to optimal conditions of maintenance. Single sows were feed twice a day: morning and evening, dry friable feed. The parameters of the microclimate during the study period corresponded to the optimal parameters.
During the research we established that the purebred uterus of the breed Pietren and the breed combination ♀WL × ♂L are characterized by greater mobility – 43,9-47,0%, in turn, sows of the Ukrainian meat breed and the intra-breed type of Durok breed of the Ukrainian selection “Stepnoy” – a lower mobility – 35,7-37,1%, and sows of large white breed occupy an intermediate position by mobility – 38,3%. As a result, it was found that the external signs of estrus in active sows of all genotypes were observed for 4.5 days and 2.9 days for the passive, but the ability to mate in active sows is manifested for 3.4 days, and in passive – 2,5 days.
Key words: single sows, behavior, breed, mobility, genotype.

Key words: single sows, behavior sows, breed sows, mobility sows, genotype sows.

Implementation a behavioral acts of single sows of different genotypes.

Issue №1 (93), 2017

The biochemical processes in pig’s meat and sensitivity to stress and growing conditions.

UDC 636.47.082.22

V. Lykhach, Candidate of Agrarian Sciences
A. Lykhach, Candidate of Agrarian Sciences
S. Kish, Graduate student,
Mykolayiv National Agrarian University

 

To determine the conditions for the formation of  biochemical processes in meat and its quality we need to examine the level and nature of development of autolytic changes in the tissues. Quality changes in meat occur during its maturing process conditioned by a complex enzymatic, autolytic transformations in muscle and connective tissues. However, it is known that the quality of the meat and the nature of the autolytic processes after slaughter of the animal depend on the conditions of feeding and breeding, pre-mortem content and degree of stress sensitivity of pigs. In this regard, the study of biochemical processes in meat depends on different stress sensitivity and the conditions of raising pigs is a very important issue, which requires further scientific development.
In this regard, the objective of our research was to determine the percolation characteristics of autolytic processes in the meat of pigs combination ♀(LW×L)×♂P obtained from animals with different stressful sensitivity grown under different conditions, and to conduct a comparative evaluation of the organoleptic characteristics of meat.
According to the results of the research, it was found that meat obtained from pigs with different stressful sensitivity and those that were fed in different conditions with intensive technology in the period of maturation and storage has a different character of biochemical changes, which cause different quality.
In meat obtained from animals of stress-resistant animals the most intensive changes occur during the first 24 hours after slaughter. After 45 minutes of storage, pork shows a high glycogen content, low concentration of glucose and lactic acid, high pH environment. After this there continues to be a gradual decrease in the number of glycogen, increase the content of glucose and lactic acid, the pH of the medium stabilizes in the range of 5. 6. Due to this nature of the biochemical changes and meat on the second or third day to matures and has high consumer properties. Boiled meat and broth have excellent assessment.
In meat obtained from the stress-sensitive animals that are fed together with stress-resistant animals 45 min after slaughter and during the subsequent days of observations autolytic processes followed less intensively. As a result of such changes pork on the second or third day had low consumer properties, cooked meat and broth had an assessment within the average.
Further research is planned to study the formation of biochemical processes and meat quality of pigs of specialized meat breeds with different methods of breeding.

Biochemical processes in the meat of pigs of different sensitivity to stress and growing conditions.

Issue 2(90), Part 2, 2016

Feeding quality of hybrid piglets.

UDC 636.4.053.082

V. Lykhach, А. Lykhach, V. Lagodienko, N. Koval

The article presents the results of the evaluation fattening properties of young pigs of different genotypes. The studies were conducted in a pig farm PEO “Victoria” Noviy Bug, Nikolaev region. It was found that in contrast to the traditional scheme of obtaining the final fattening calves ((LW × L) × D) proposed of combination is more productive. Thus, the piglets obtained from a combination of sows «F1» with cross-bred boars (D × P) – «cantor» noted a high value of average daily gain – 777,5 g, and which resulted in the lowest cost feed – 3,38 food units on 1 kg of live weight gain.

Key words: pigs, breed, crossbreeding, feeding qualities.

V. Lykhach, А. Lykhach, V. Lagodienko, N. Koval. Feeding quality of hybrid piglets.

References:

  1. Birta H. O. Vidhodivelni, zabiini ta miaso-salni yakosti svynei riznykh napriamiv produktyvnosti / H. O. Birta, Yu. H. Burhu // Visnyk Poltavskoi derzhavnoi ahrarnoi akademii. – 2012. – #4. – S. 49-51.
  2. Konovalov I. V. Adaptatsiini ta produktyvni yakosti svynei porody landras v umovakh promyslovoi tekhnolohii : dys … kandydata s.-h. nauk : 06.02.04 / Konovalov Ihor Volodymyrovych. – Mykolaiv, 2011. – 148 s.
  3. Lykhach V. Ya. Vidhodivlia svynei miasnykh henotypiv do riznykh vahovykh kondytsii / V. Ya. Lykhach, A. V. Chernenko // Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk : zb. nauk. prats Khersonskoho DAU. – Kherson : Ailant, 2008. – Vyp. 58/2. – S. 285-289.
  4. Lykhach V. Ya. Formuvannia produktyvnykh yakostei svynei spetsializovanykh miasnykh henotypiv pry chystoporodnomu rozvedenni ta skhreshchuvanni : dys … kandydata s.-h. nauk : 06.02.01 / Lykhach Vadym Yaroslavovych. – Kherson, 2006. – 141 s.
  5. Maslak O. Svynarstvo – tradytsii ta prybutkovyi biznes [Elektronnyi resurs] — Rezhym dostupu : http://www.agro-business.com.ua
  6. Samarina I. Skladova miasnoho balansu – svynyna [Elektronnyi resurs] – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.agro-business.com.ua
  7. Suchasni metodyky doslidzhen u svynarstvi. – Poltava, 2005. – 228 s.
  8. Tsereniuk O. Efektyvna systema hibrydyzatsii u svynarstvi [Elektronnyi resurs] – Rezhym dostupu: http://www.agro-business.com.ua
  9. Tsereniuk O. M. Modyfikatsiia importnoho henetychnoho materialu v Ukraini : monohrafiia / O. M. Tsereniuk. – Kharkiv : IT UAAN, 2010. – 248 s. Buchanan D. S. The cross breakboar / Buchanan D. S. // Pig New Inform. – 1998. – V. 9, № 3. – P. 239-275.

В. Я. Лихач, А. В. Лихач, В. В. Лагодиенко, Н. А. Коваль. Откормочные качества помесного молодняка свиней.

В статье приведены результаты оценки откормочных качеств молодняка свиней разных генотипов. Исследования проводили в условиях свинокомплекса ЧОП “Виктория” г. Новый Буг Николаевской области. Установлено, что в отличие от традиционной схемы получения финального откормочного молодняка ((КБ×Л)×Д), предложенные сочетания более продуктивны. Так, у молодняка свиней полученного от сочетания свиноматок “F1” с помесными хряками (Д×П) – “кантор”, отмечено высокое значение среднесуточных приростов – 777,5 г, что обусловило и наименьшие затраты кормов – 3,38 корм. ед. на 1 кг прироста живой массы.

В.Я. Лихач, А.В. Лихач, В.В. Лагодієнко, М.А. Коваль. Відгодівельні якості помісного молодняку свиней.

У статті наведено результати оцінки відгодівельних якостей молодняку свиней різних генотипів. Дослідження проводили в умовах свинокомплексу ПОП “Вікторія” м. Новий Буг Миколаївської області. Встановлено, що на відміну від традиційної схеми отримання фінального відгодівельного молодняку ((ВБ×Л)×Д), запропоновані поєднання є більш продуктивнішими. Так, у молодняку свиней, отриманого від поєднання свиноматок “F1” з помісними кнурами (Д×П) – “кантор”,  відмічено найвище значення середньодобових приростів – 777,5 г, що обумовило і найменші витрати кормів – 3,38 корм. од. на 1 кг приросту живої маси.

Вплив раціонів годівлі на показники росту і розвитку відлучених поросят

Номер, том, частина, рік
4(76), 2, 2, 2013

УДК
636.4.084.421

Автор
О.І. Юлевич, кандидат технічних наук, доцент
А.В. Лихач, кандидат сільськогосподарських наук, доцент
Ю.Ф. Дехтяр, асистент
Миколаївський національний аграрний університет, Україна

Анотація
Розглянуто показники живої маси та прирости поросят у різні вікові періоди залежно від складу раціонів годівлі. Показано, що використання з п’ятиденного віку крім молока матері, а після відлучення – разом з основним раціоном преміксу Dossche PIGIMAX №5220 сприяло збільшенню середньодобових приростів поросят дослідної групи на 16,5%, при одночасному зниженні витрат кормових одиниць на 1 кг приросту на 17,4%.

Ключові слова
відлучені поросята, середньодобові прирости, кормові одиниці, премікс, раціон годівлі

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Залежність інтенсивності росту помісних поросят різних строків відлучення від рівня годівлі

Номер, рік
2(72), 2013

УДК
636.4.084.421

Автор
О.І. Юлевич, кандидат технічних наук, доцент
А.В. Лихач, кандидат сільськогосподарських наук, доцент
Ю.Ф. Дехтяр, асистент
Миколаївський національний аграрний університет

Анотація
Розглянуто вплив компонентів преміксу “Frank Wright” на показники середньодобових приростів помісних поросят різних строків відлучення. Показано, що балансування раціонів годівлі за вмістом незамінних амінокислот позитивно впливає на енергію росту тварин. Оцінено вплив на показники росту і розвитку поросят таких мікроелементів як марганець, йод, цинк, мідь і залізо, а також вітамінів А, D, Е.

Ключові слова
помісні поросята, продуктивність, середньодобові прирости, компоненти раціону, незамінні амінокислоти, мікроелементи, вітаміни, премікс
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