UDC 633.854.54: 631.547.76: 631.572

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-9

O. L. Rudik
R. A. Vozhehova

It was established that desiccation or cutting of oil flax plants and laying them in swaths, in spite of their maturation conditions increases moisture losses. It reduces conventional losses of seeds and straw and has a positive impact on the infestation, physical and mechanical parameters of straw for industrial use. The fastest dehydration, 4.9 – 5.52 % per day throughout the first four days after treatment, is provided by the desiccation with the preparations Basta 2 liters per hectare and Reglon Super 3 liters per hectare.

Key words: oil-bearing flax, harvesting technology, desiccation, seeds, straw, dehydration.

Reference

1. Kulmaa, A., Zuka, M., Longc, S.H. & et al. (2015). Biotechnology of fibrous flax in Europe and China. Industrial Crops and Products Industrial Crops and Products.68, 50–59.
2. Ingram, A. J., Parbtani, A., Clark, W. F. & et al. (1995). Effects of Flaxseed and Flax Oil Diets in a Rat-96 Renal Ablation Model. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 25 (Vol. 2), 320-329.
3. Lima L.S., Palin M.F., Santos G.T. & et al. (2015). Effects of supplementation of flax meal and flax oil on mammary gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes in mammary tissue, plasma and erythrocytes of dairy cows. Livestock Science. 176, 196–204.
4. Rudik, A. L. (2016). Raw material potential of oil-bearing flax and prospects of its application in medicine. Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk. 96, 104-111 [in Ukrainian].
5. Gonzalez-Garcia, S., Hospido, A., Feijoo, G., & Moreira, M.T. (2010). Life cycle assessment of raw materials for non-wood pulp mills: Hemp and flax.Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 54 (Vol. 11), 923-930. Doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2010.01.011. Retrieved from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344910000297?via%3Dihub.
6. Artemov, A.V. (2003). Otraslevaya nauka l’nyanogo kompleksa Rossii: problemy i perspektivy. Rossiyskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal (zhurnal Rossiyskogo khimicheskogo obshchestva im. D.I. Mendeleeva). XLVII (Vol. 5), 68-75. [in Russian].
7. Haaga, K., Padovanib, J., Fitac, S. & et al. (2017). Influence of flax fibre variety and year-to-year variability on composite properties. Industrial Crops and Products Industrial Crops and Products.98, 1-9.
8. Prasada, V., Suresh, D., Joseph, M.A., Sekara, K. & Mubarak, A. (2018). Development Of Flax Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composite With Nano Tio2 Addition Into Matrix To Enhance Mechanical Properties. Materials Today: Proceedings. 5, 11569-11575.
9. Lazko, J., Dupré, B. & Dheilly, R.M. (2011). Quéneudec M. Biocomposites based on flax short fibres and linseed oil. Industrial Crops and Products Industrial Crops and Products.33, 317-324.
10. Ouagne, P., Barthod-Malat, B., Evon, Ph. & et al. (2017). Fibre Extraction from Oleaginous Flax for Technical Textile Applications: Influence of Pre-processing parameters on Fibre Extraction Yield, Size Distribution and Mechanical Properties. Science Direct 3rd International Conference on Natural Fibers: Advanced Materials for a Greener World, ICNF 2017, 21-23 June 2017, Braga, Portugal Procedia Engineering. 200, 213-220.
11. Bayerl, T., Geith, M., Somashekar, A. A., & Bhattacharyya, D. (2014). Influence of fibre architecture on the biodegradability of FLAX/PLA composites.International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. 96, 18-25.
12. Deng, Y., Paraskevas, D., Tian, Y. & et al. (2016). Life cycle assessment of flax-fibre reinforced epoxidized linseed oil composite with a flame retardant for electronic applications. Journal of Cleaner Production. 133, 427-438.
13. Chekhova, I.V., Chekhov, S.A. & Shkurko, M.P. (2017). Domestic market of flax. Economy of Ukraine. 2017. № 1. С. 52–63. [in Ukrainian].
14. Chekhov, A. V., Lapa, O. M., Mishchenko, L. Yu. & Poliakova, I. O. (2007). Lon oliinyi: biolohiia, sorty, tekhnolohiia vyroshchuvannia. Kyiv: Ukrainska akademiia ahrarnykh nauk [in Ukrainian].
15. Jacobsz, M.J. & Van der Merwe, W.J.C. (Comps.). (2012). Production guidelines for flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Canada: Arc-institute for industrial crops, Department of agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Directorate: plant production.
16. Dudariev, I. M. (2014). Osoblyvosti zbyrannia lonu oliinoho. Silskohospodarski mashyny. 28, 11-17. [in Ukrainian].

УДК 631.816.2:633.11(477.7)

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-9

А. І. Kryvenko

According to the results of experimental studies, it was determined that the yield and quality of winter wheat grain in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine depended on a large extent on the provision of plants with mineral nutrients throughout the entire vegetation.  The greater the crop and the higher the rate of mineral fertilizer application, the greater is the winter wheat removal of nutrients from the soil.  Intensive varieties are characterized by higher nutritional requirements, and only with full and balanced provision of nutrients can fully realize their genetic potential.

It is determined that the optimum system of winter wheat nutrition involves the introduction of mineral fertilizers: under the basic cultivation of soil, in rows during sowing, as fertilization during vegetation of plants. For the maximum effect, the full norm of phosphoric-potassium fertilizers is introduced under the basic soil cultivation. Mixing of mineral fertilizers with a layer soil during basic soil cultivation provides the maximum efficiency of growing winter wheat from their use: the root system is better developed, tilling capacity improves, winter-resistance increases.  To create optimal conditions for growth and development, winter wheat is provided with readily available forms of nitrogen throughout the entire vegetation. However, excessive nitrogen intake from the autumn leads to a sharp decrease in winter resistance and overgrowing of winter wheat plants.  In winter, much of the nitrogen that was not used was washed into the deeper layers of the soil, reducing the effectiveness of its application.  Therefore, for the effective provision of plants with nitrogen during the fertilization of fertilizers are introduced separately in several measures.

It was established that the introduction of nitrogen fertilizers by rootstock at the beginning of the winter wheat plant output into the tube maximally increased its yield both in comparison with the control, and in relation to the background of the introduction of phosphoric-potassium fertilizers.  Feeding plants of wheat with winter nitrogen fertilizers provided an increase in the concentration of protein and vitreousness of grain products.

Key words: norms and terms of nutrition, technology of growing, nitric fertilizers, winter wheat, productivity, quality of grain.

Reference

1. Lykhochvor, V.V. (2008). Mineralni dobryva ta yikh zastosuvannia. Lviv: Ukrainski tekhnolohii [in Ukrainian].
2. Lisovyi, M.V. (1991). Pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti mineralnykh dobryv. Kyiv: Urozhai [in Ukrainian].
3. Maathus, F.J.M., Diatloff, E. (2013) Roles and functions of plant mineral nutrients. In: Plant Mineral Nutrients: Methods and Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology. 953, 1-20.
4. Masclaux-Daubresse, G., Daniel-Vedele, F., Dechorgnat, J. (2010). Nitrogen uptake, assimilation and remobilization in plants: challenges for sustainable and productive agriculture. Annals of Botany. 105, 1141-1157.
5. Lebid, Ye.M., Cherenkov, A.V., Solodushko, M.M. (2008). Osoblyvosti vyroshchuvannia ozymoi pshenytsi u Stepu Ukrainy. Naukovo-tekhnichnyi biuleten Myronivskoho instytutu pshenytsi. 8, 335-344 [in Ukrainian].
6. Netis, I.T. (2011). Pshenytsia ozyma na pivdni Ukrainy. Kherson: Oldiplius [in Ukrainian].
7. Polovyi, V.M. (2007). Optymizatsiia system udobrennia u suchasnomu zemlerobstvi. Rivne: Volynski oberehy [in Ukrainian].
8. Karasiuk, I.M., Herkiial, O.M., Hospodarenko, H.M. (1995). Ahrokhimiia. Kyiv: Vyshcha shkola [in Ukrainian].
9. Romheld, V., Kirkby, E. (2010). Research on nitrogen and potassium in agriculture: needs and prospects. Plant and Soil. 335, 155–180.
10. Skrylnyk, Ye., Kutova, A. (2014). Mikrodobryva u posivakh ozymoi pshenytsi. Propozytsiia. 10, 52–54 [in Ukrainian].
11. Yurkevych, Ye.O.,Kovalenko, N.P., Bakuma, A.V. (2011). Ahrobiolohichni osnovy sivozmin Stepu Ukrainy. Odesa: VMV [in Ukrainian].
12. Marchuk, I., Tarasenko, O. (2017). Ozyma pshenytsia: «ni» vesnianomu holoduvanniu! Propozytsiia. 2, 110–111 [in Ukrainian].

UDC 633.31/37: 631.95: 631.811.98: 581.132

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-7

V. P. Karpenko
O. O. Korobko

Increasing of the shortage of proficient agricultural production induces agrarian using new approaches for increasing seeds productivity. But achievement of this aim without activation photosynthetic productivity of seeds is impossible.  The efficiency of photosynthesis in plants depends on various elements: agrotechnical, conditions of mineral nutrition, the usage of chemical and other means of tools of suppressing of pests etc.

The activity of chemical and biological origin has sufficient impact on physiology-biological processes in plants. It is depicted in changes of the levels of such factors as chlorophyll content, intensity of accumulation of organic matter, crop productivity.

The purpose and tasks for the research were: to find out the impact of different limits of a herbicide Panda, entered separately  and by seed processing background by biological preparations –  plant growth regulator Panda and  microbial preparation Ryzobophyt, on forming net productivity of photosynthesis and productivity of chick-pea`s crop Pamyat.

The experimental part of investigation was held during 2015-2017 years due to field conditions of scientific and production department and scientific-research test room of the department of microbiology, biochemistry and plant physiology of Uman National University of Horticulture. Accounting and investigation of chick-pea productivity of photosynthesis of sowing were done in accordance with methodology of O.O. Nychyporovych, crop productivity – in accordance with the methodologies of  Z. M. Hrytsayenko and co-authors. The statistical processing on the results of investigations was performed by methods of dispersion analysis, described by B. A. Dospekhov.

In the result of the conducted investigations was set that when using combined processing of seeds MP Ryzobophyt 1,0 l/t and PGR Stympo 0,025 l/t and entering on the given background herbicide Panda in limits 3,0 and 4, l/ha chick-pea productivity of photosynthesis іn the phase of five leaves – the flowering increased on 43-65%, in the flowering phase – the formation of beans – on 32-66%.Crop productivity of chick-pea in this variant increased on 15-69%, which is on 0,40 – 0,67 t/ha more than in a control variant. At acting MP Ryzobohpyt 1,0 l/t and PGS Stympo 0, 025 l/t and entering herbicide Panda  in limits 5,0 and 6,0 l/ha NPP іn the phase of five leaves – the flowering increased on 43-31%, in the flowering phase – the formation of beans – on 40-24%.Crop productivity of chick-pea in this variant increased on 25-28.

Beginning with the limit of entering herbicide panda 5,0 l/ha and at 6,0 l/ha of preparation traced decreasing of chick-pea productivity of photosynthesis of sowing and chick-pea productivity, which is obviously due to suppressed influence  of these limits of a herbicide on the passage of the basic physiologic-biochemical processes which ensure the resistance of the plant organism to the stress factors. On the basis of conducted research has been established that the most effective combination of preparations which provides increasing of photosynthetic and chick-pea crop productivity.

Key words: chick-pea, chick-pea productivity of photosynthesis, crop productivity, herbicide, plant growth regulator, microbial preparation.

Reference

1. Pavlenko, V.P., Petrov, N.Yu., Mel’nikova, A.V. (2003). Tekhnologii i sredstva vozdelyvaniya nuta. Volgograd: Volgogradskaya gosudarstvennaya sel’skokhozyaystvennaya akademiya [in Russian].
2. Karpenko, V. P., Hrytsaienko, Z. M., Prytuliak, R. M. (2012). Biolohichni osnovy intehrovanoi dii herbitsydiv i rehuliatoriv rostu roslyn. Uman [in Ukrainian].
3. Elkoca, E., Kantar, F., Fikrettin, S. (2008). Influence of Nitrogen Fixing and Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria on the Nodulation, Plant Growth, and Yield of Chickpea. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 31, 157–171.
4. Hanhur, V. V., Yeremko, L. S., Sokyrko, D. P. (2017). Formuvannia produktyvnosti nutu zalezhno vid tekhnolohichnykh faktoriv v umovakh Livoberezhnoho Lisostepu Ukrainy. Zernovi kultury. 1 (Vol. 2), 285-292 [in Ukrainian].
5. Serekpayev, N, Popov, V, Stybayev, G. & et al. (2016). Agroecological aspects of chickpea growing in the Dry Steppe Zone of Akmola Region, Northern Kazakhstan. Biotech Res Asia. 13 (3), 1341-1351.
6. Tedeeva, V.V., Abaev, A.A., Tedeeva, A.A. (2015). Fotosyntetycheskaia deiatelnost posevov razlychnыkh sortov nuta v uslovyiakh Lesostepnoi zonы Rso-Alanyia. Sovremennыe problemы nauky y obrazovanyia. 1-1. Retrieved from: http:// science -education.ru/ru/article/view?id=18823 [in Russian].
7. Ryabukhina, O.P., Medvedev, G.A. (2010). Fotosinteticheskaya deyatel’nost’ i produktivnost’ zernobobovykh kul’tur na chernozemnykh pochvakh. Izvestiya NV AUK. 3. Retrieved from: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/fotosinteticheskaya-deyatelnost-i-produktivnost-zernobobovyh-kultur-na-chernozemnyh-pochvah [in Russian].
8. Singh, G., Ram, H., Aggarwal, N., & Turner, N. (2016). Irrigation of chickpea (Cicer Arietinum l.) increases yield but not water productivity. Experimental Agriculture. 52 (Vol 1–13), 3917-3930.
9. Karpenko, V. P., Prytuliak, R. M., Datsenko, A. A. & Ivasiuk, Yu. I. (2016). Fizioloho-biokhimichni mekhanizmy intehrovanoi dii herbitsydiv i rehuliatoriv rostu roslyn. Visnyk Umanskoho natsionalnoho universytetu sadivnytstva. 1, 72-76 [in Ukrainian].
10. Novozhilov, K. V. (2003). Nekotorye napravleniya ekologizatsii zashchity rasteniy. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy. 8, 14-17 [in Russian].
11. Karpenko, V. P., Ivasiuk, Yu. I., Orativska, S. A. (2016). Biolohizovana tekhnolohiia vyroshchuvannia bobovykh kultur (soia, horokh). Uman: Vizavi [in Ukrainian].
12. Yarchuk, I. I. Bulgakova, M. P. (1991). Fiziologicheski aktivnye veshchestva gumusovoy prirody kak ekologicheskiy faktor detoksikatsii ostatochnykh kolichestv gerbitsidov. Biologicheskie nauki. 10, 75-80 [in Russian].
13. Herbitsyd Panda, Kataloh kompanii UKRΛVIT KE. Retrieved from: https://ukravit.ua /uk/panda [in Ukrainian].
14. Stymuliator rostu Stympo. Preparaty DP MNTTs “Ahrobiotekh”. Retrieved from: http://www.agrobiotech.com.ua/ua/stimpo [in Ukrainian].
15. Dobryvo Ryzobofit (poroshkopodibna forma) Instytut ahroekolohii i pryrodokorystuvannia NAAN. Retrieved from: http://www.snpk.com.ua/ua /fertilizers/rizobofitp [in Ukrainian].
16. Derzhavna veterynarna ta fitosanitarna sluzhba Ukrainy (2015). Derzhavnyi reiestr sortiv roslyn Ukrainy. Retrieved from: http://vet.gov.ua/sites/default/files/ReestrEU-2015-01-14a.pdf [in Ukrainian].
17. Vydannia Selektsiino-henetychnoho instytutu – Natsionalnoho tsentru nasinnieznavstva ta sortovyvchennia (SHI – NTsNS), ZAT “Selena” (2011). Odesa [in Ukrainian].
18. Nichiporovich, A.A. (1963). O putyakh povysheniya produktivnosti fotosinteza rasteniy v posevakh. Fotosintez i voprosy produktivnosti rasteniy. Moskva: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 5-36. [in Russian].
19. Hrytsaienko, Z.M., Hrytsaienko, A.O., Karpenko, V.P. (2003). Metody biolohichnykh ta ahrokhimichnykh doslidzhen roslyn i gruntiv. Kyiv: NIChLAVA [in Ukrainian].
20. Dospekhov, B.A. (1973). Metodika polevogo opyta. Moskva: Kolos [in Russian].
21. Ivasiuk, Yu.I., Karpenko V. P., Hrytsaienko, 3.M. (2015). Symbiotychnyi stan posiviv soi za dii biolohichno aktyvnykh rechovyn. Visnyk Umanskoho natsionalnoho universytetu sadivnytstva. 2, 13-16 [in Ukrainian].
22. Vydannia Selektsiino-henetychnoho instytutu – Natsionalnoho tsentru nasinnieznavstva ta sortovyvchennia (SHI – NTsNS), ZAT “Selena” (2011). Odesa [in Ukrainian].
23. Ivasiuk, Y. (2016). Productivity of soybean crops under separated and integrated applications of microbiological substance, plant growth regulator and herbicide. Ukrainian Black Sea region agrarian science. 3, 89‒95 [in Ukrainian].

UDC 633.16 : 631.5 : 631.8(477.7)

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-6

A. V. Panfilova
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0006-4090
V. V. Gamayunova
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4151-0299

The article presents the results of studies about the effectiveness of spring barley crop cultivation with modern retriever preparations in the background of mineral fertilizers carried out in 2013-2017on the southern black soils in the Ukrainian Steppe. The options for plant nutrition significantly influenced the growth and development of spring barley varieties. So the plants were distinguished by their maximum height during the cultivation on the background of mineral fertilization and the extracorporeal fertilization of crops during the vegetation period with the Escort– bio.

The height of spring barley plants varied significantly and depended on the varietal characteristics. The highest linear height was characterized by the barley stalker variety, and the smallest variety was the Aeneas variety. Thus, for the cultivation without fertilizers, this indicator in the Aeneas variety was 65.9, the Adapt variety – 71.9, and the Stalker variety – 71.9 cm. By the applying of a moderate dose of mineral fertilizers, the height of the plants of these varieties in the phase of full grain maturity was respectively 72.5; 75.1 and 76.5 cm. The highest plants of spring barley during all years of our research were in the version of foliar application of crops during the period of vegetation with the modern preparation Escort – bio– 79.7 – 89.4 cm all this depends on the variety.

The applied fertilizers and weather conditions during the years of research significantly influenced the productivity of barley varieties. The lowest crop was formed in 2013, and the highest in 2016.

The maximum yield of barley varieties in all years of research was formed for cultivating by the applying a moderate dose of mineral fertilizers and foliar application of crops with Organic D2 and Escort – bio. Thus, on average, over the years of research and in terms of the factor, the grain yield was 3.37- 3.41t/ha, which exceeded its level by fertilized control at 0.71 – 0.75 t/ha or 26.7 – 28.2%, and in the back ground of making only mineral fertilizers – at 0.4  t/ha or 15.4%.

Іt was found that, taking into account the weather conditions and variants of plant nutrition, the variety plays an important role in the formation of spring barley yield. Thus, on average, during the years of research and by the factor of nutrition, the highest yield of the grain was formed by the plants of the Aeneas variety–3.36 t/ha, which exceeded the Stalker variety by 0.21 t/ha or 6.3%, and according to the Adapt variety – by 0.32 t/ha or 9.5%.

In the appropriate selection of varieties and optimization of plant nutrition conditions during the growing season, the basic processes of their growth and development are improved. By optimizing the nutrition of the crop is more intensive in the growth of top soils biomass of plants, which will further affect the formation of grain productivity of spring barley. Aeneas variety and the combination of the mineral fertilizers applying in a dose of N₃₀P₃₀ and non-root crop fertilization with Escort Bio. On average, during the years of our research, the highest yield of grain was formed by the plants of the Aeneas variety in the variant of mineral fertilization and fertilization of the Escort – bio – 3.61 t/ha.

Keywords: variety of ,spring barley, plant nutrition, regulatory preparations, plant height, grain yield.

Reference

1. 1. Tokar, B. Yu. (2015). Produktyvnist yachmeniu yaroho pyvovarnoho zalezhno vid udobrennia ta retardantnoho zakhystu. Visnyk ZhNAEU. 2 (50). Vol. 1, 440-445. [in Ukrainian].
   2. Kaminska, V. V., Shmorhun, O. V., Dudka, O. F. (2012). Osoblyvosti formuvannia elementiv produktyvnosti sortiv yachmeniu yaroho v pivnichnii chastyni Lisostepu. Zemlerobstvo. 84, 75 [in Ukrainian].
   3. Kolesnikov, M. O., Ponomarenko, S. P. (2016). Vplyv biostymuliatoriv Stympo ta Rehoplant na produktyvnist yachmeniu yaroho. Ahrobiolohiia. 1, 81-86 [in Ukrainian].
   4. Kasatkina, T. O., Hamaiunova, V. V. (2018). Vplyv resursozberihaiuchykh elementiv tekhnolohii na produktyvnist roslyn yachmeniu yaroho v umovakh Pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy. Innovatsiini tekhnolohii v roslynnytstvi: materialy naukovoi internet-konferentsii (pp. 80-82). Kamianets-Podilskyi [in Ukrainian].
   5. Nosko,  B. S. (2002). Suchasnyi stan ta perspektyvni napriamky doslidzhen v ahrokhimii. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 9, 9-12  [in Ukrainian].
   6. Sytnyk, V. P. (2002). Ekolohichni aspekty ahropromyslovoho kompleksu. Bulletin of Agricultural Science. 9, 55-57 [in Ukrainian].
   7. Wójcik, P. (2004). Uptake of mineral nutrients from foliar fertilization. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research. 12, 201–218.
   8. Babaeian, M., Tavassoli, A., Ghanbari, A., Esmaeilian, Y. & Fahimifard M. (2010). Effects of foliar micronutrient application on osmotic adjustments, grain yield and yield components in sunflower (Alstar cultivar) under water stress at three stages. African Journal of Agricultural Research. 6 (5), 1204-1208.
   9. Sepiedeh, Z., Mohammad, N., Hamid, R. T. M. & Hossein, Z. (2014). Effect of zinc and sulfur foliar applications on physiological characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under water deficit stress. International Journal of Biosciences. 5 (12), 87–96. doi: 10.12692/ijb/5.12.87-96. Retrieved from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0902/96e6d7d5c807a7bcf4afb7b20095bd27a0b4.pdf
   10. Begum, K., Sikder, A. H. F.,  Khanom, S., Hossain, Md. F. & Parveen, Z. (2015) Nutrient uptake by plants from different land types of Madhupur soils. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research. 28 (2), 113–121. doi: 10.3329/bjsr.v28i2.26782. Retrieved from: https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJSR/article/view/26782/17903.
   11. Kostyria, I., Hasanova, I., Ostapenko, M. & et al. (2013). Vplyv poperednykiv i mineralnykh dobryv na urozhainist ta yakist zerna pshenytsi ozymoi v umovakh Prysyvashshia. Biuleten Instytutu silskoho hospodarstva stepovoi zony NAAN Ukrainy. 4, 25-29 [in Ukrainian].
   12. Kalenska, S. M., Tokar, B. Yu. (2015). Urozhainist yachmeniu yaroho zalezhno vid rivnia mineralnoho zhyvlennia. Naukovi pratsi Instytutu bioenerhetychnykh kultur i tsukrovykh buriakiv. 23, 30-33 [in Ukrainian].
   13. Panfilova, A. V., Hamaiunova, V. V. (2018). The productivity of spring barley varieties and plant nutrition optimization in the southern steppe of Ukraine. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 14 (Vol. 3), 310–315. DOI: 10.21498/2518-1017.14.3.2018.145304. Retrieved from: http://journal.sops.gov.ua/article/view/145304 [in Ukrainian].
   14. Ponomarenko, S. P. (2008). Biostimulyatory v sel’skom khozyaystve – ukrainskiy proryv. Biological preparations in Plant Produktion: 4-th international scientific-applied conference (pp. 45–48). Kiev [in Russian].
   15. Gamayunova, V.V., Iskakova, O.Sh., Muzyka, N.N. &  et al. (2015). Sovremennye podkhody k uvelicheniyu effektivnosti udobreniy pod sel’skokhozyaystvennye kul’tury v zemledelii Yuzhnoy Stepi Ukrainy. Puti povysheniya effektivnosti oroshaemogo zemledeliya. 4 (60), 75-80. [in Russian].

UDC 633.2: 631.147: 636.085

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-5

L. Antipova
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-2609-0801
N. Tsurkan
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-0732-5938
A. Adamovics
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1725-4421
L. Poisa

Formulation of the problem. One of the factors contributing to the greening of farming is the cultivation of perennial grasses, therefore conducting research to determine the state of their development is relevant.

Research results. It has been established that in the meter (0-100 cm) soil layer accumulates over three years of life with root and post-mowed remains of 243.6 kg / ha of nitrogen; 38.7 – P2O5; 134.3 – K2O; 102.4 kg / ha – Ca. When flat-cut (without-dump) small tillage – by 11.9; 4.9; 5.1; 10.8%, respectively, in comparison with deep plowing.

During the period from 1990 to 2016 in Ukraine, the area of grass for hay and green fodder decreased by 72.4%, in the South of the country – by 88.1%. At the same time, in the South, the inflow of biological nitrogen into the soil due to nitrogen fixation decreased from 87.7 to 10.5 thousand tons of active ingredient. These indicators in terms of value (at prices in 2016) are approximately UAH 2,383.3 million in 1990 and UAH 258.2 million – in 2016. Consequently, the energy supply to the soil decreased (from 7612.4 TJ to 824.6 TJ), which indicates a large energy loss. If in 1990, in the Southern Steppe, 9% of the area under perennial grasses was counted, in 2016 it was only 1.4% of the total sown area at a rate of 8-10%.

Herbs, especially legumes, are an integral part of the biologization of agriculture in the PP “Agroecology” in the Poltava region. Livestock is fully provided with feed of its own production. Organic products are produced.

In Latvia, the area of perennial grasses in 2011 decreased in comparison with 1990 by 44.2%, respectively. Almost half of the acreage is set aside for fodder crops: grasses, legumes (peas, vetch, fodder beans). Agricultural land occupies 13% of the country’s land, of which arable land makes up 48.5%, and 42.7% of land is set aside for hayfields, pastures, and pastures.

Latvia exports up to 70% of all beef produced to the EU countries. Changes in the structure of agricultural land are noted, because Latvia, with accession to the EU in 2004, began to receive support for the development of the national economy.

Conclusion. Perennial grasses are an important component of crop production, which provides the population with food. Failure of crop rotations, a sharp decrease in the area under the crops of these herbs in Ukraine has a negative impact on soil fertility rates.

Thanks to herbs, ecologically pure nitrogen is accumulated in the soil, which contributes to the productivity of the cultivated plants that follow them and produces ecologically pure and safe products. An urgent need is to expand the area under crops of perennial grasses in Ukraine, in order not to end up with poor soil nutrients.

Key words: perennial grasses, area of crops, biological nitrogen, soil fertility, greening of agriculture, organic products.

Reference

1. Brazhevska, H. M. (2009). Tekhniko-tekhnolohichne zabezpechennia vyrobnytstva produktsii roslynnytstva. The Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex. 12, 49-52 [in Ukrainian].
2. Roshchyna, Yu. V. (2011). Ob yspolzovanyy zemel selskokhoziaistvennoho naznachenyia raznыmy strukturamy y formamy khoziaistvovanyia. Visnyk ZhDTU. 3 (57), 364-367 [in Ukrainian].
3. Porudieieva, T. V. (2008). Enerhoekonomichna otsinka sivozmin korotkoi rotatsii. The Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex. 7, 30-33 [in Ukrainian].
4. Sytnyk, K., Bahniuk, V. (2008). Stan gruntiv i maibutnie liudstva. Visnyk of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.8, 3-27 [in Ukrainian].
5. Chayka, T. A. (2016). Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v organicheskom zemledelii. Osnovy ratsional’nogo prirodopol’zovaniya: Materialy V mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii (pp. 322-327). Saratov: Nauka [in Russian].
6. Bespalko, R.I., Voroniuk, Yu.Iu. (2013). Osoblyvosti ekolohizatsii vykorystannia zemel silskohospodarskoho pryznachennia. Geodezia, kartografia i aerofotos’emka. 78, 215-217. Retrieved from: http://ena.lp.edu.ua/bitstream/ntb/20091/1/38-215-217.pdf [in Ukrainian].
7. Tkachuk, V.I. (2014). The ecological orientation of production as a priority in the process of the diversification of agrarian enterprises. // Efektyvna ekonomika. 4. Retrieved from: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/?op=1&z=2899 [in Ukrainian].
8. Rybachenko, O. M., Voronetska, I. S., Sprynchuk, N. A. & KorniichukO. O. (2013). Orhanizatsiino-ekonomichni peredumovy rozvytku orhanichnoho kormovyrobnytstva v Ukraini. The Economy of Agro-Industrial Complex. 10, 33-38. [in Ukrainian].
9. Platače, R., Tsurkan, N., Poiša, L., Adamovičs, A. & Ivanova, K. (2013). Аssessment of perennial crop areas in Latvia and Ukraine.The changing economic landscape: issues, implications and policy options : the 6th international conference (p. 97). Pula.
10. Kuznetsov, I. Yu., Kuznetsova, A. R. (2005). Rol’ lyutserno-klevernoy travosmesi v biologizatsii zemledeliya Respubliki Bashkortostan. Agrobiotekhnologii i puti vnedreniya peredovykh biotekhnologiy v sel’skoe khozyaystvo : materialy I Respublikanskoy konferentsii Ministerstva sel’skogo khozyaystva (pp. 12-14). Ufa [in Russian].
11. Krut, V. M., Fesenko, H. P., Alekseenko, T. S. & et al. (1995). Nauchnye osnovy ekologicheskogo zemledeliya. Kiev: Urozhay [in Russian].
12. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018). Vnesennia mineralnykh ta orhanichnykh dobryv pid urozhai silskohospodarskykh kultur u 2017 rotsi. Retrieved from: www.ukrstat.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
13. Tsymbaliuk, V. M. (2000). Rezerv pidvyshchennia rodiuchosti gruntiv ta vedennia kormovyrobnytstva. Silskyi hospodar. 3-4, 9 [in Ukrainian].
14. Tsurkan, N. V.,Antypova, L. K., & Ballo, V. M. (2012). Osoblyvosti ekonomichnoi ta ekolohichnoi otsinky vyroshchuvannia bahatorichnykh trav na Pivdni Ukrainy. Naukovi pratsi ChDU im. P. Mohyly. 167 (Vol. 179), 110-111 [in Ukrainian].
15. Vasileva, V. (2012). Effect of mineral nitrogen fertilization and water-deficiency stress on chemical composition of lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). Proceedings of the 24th General Meeting of the European Grassland Federation (pp. 391-393). Poznan: Oficyna Wydawnicza Garmond.
16. Kvitko, H.P., Hetman, N.Ia. (2003). Azotfiksuiucha spromozhnist ta zbahachennia gruntu azotom zalezhno vid rokiv zhyttia liutserny posivnoi v umovakh Lisostepu. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo. 51, 54-57 [in Ukrainian].
17. Antypova, L. K. (2009). Vyrobnytstvo nasinnia liutserny v Stepu Ukrainy. Mykolaiv: MDAU [in Ukrainian].
18. Lupenko, Yu.O., Mesel-Veseliak, V.Ya. (Eds.) (2012). Stratehichni napriamy rozvytku silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy na period do 2020 roku. Kyiv: NNTs “IAE” [in Ukrainian].
19. Kernasiuk, Yu. (2018) Rynok miasa: osnovni trendy. Ahrobiznes Sohodni. August, 10. Retrieved from: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/ekonomichnyi-hektar/item/11153-rynok-miasa-osnovni-trendy.html [in Ukrainian].
20. Antypova, L.K. (2008). Liutserna – universalna roslyna dlia ahrotsenoziv. Kormy i kormovyrobnytstvo. 62, 139-144 [in Ukrainian].
21. Private Enterprise “Agroecology”. Retrieved from: http://www.agroecology.in.ua/en/company.
22. Private Enterprise “Agroecology”. Retrieved from: http://www.agroecology.in.ua/industries [in Ukrainian].
23. Sel’skoe khozyaystvo Latvii. Retrieved from: http://worldofscience.ru/geografija-mira/30-geografija-latvii/840-sel-skoe-hozjajstvo-latvii.html [in Russian].
24. Myasnoe zhivotnovodstvo v Latvii: ne dlya legkoy pribyli (2015). Dienas Bizness. March, 26. Retrieved from: https://rus.db.lv/novosti/myasnoe-zhivotnovodstvo-v-latvii-ne-dlya-legkoy-pribyli-65365 [in Russian].
25. Helzis, H., Kanevskyi, D. (2013). Latviiske svynarstvo na mezhi kolapsu. Deutsche Welle. June, 8. Retrieved from: https://m.dw.com. [in Ukrainian].

УДК 338.48-6:330.123.6

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-4

V. Stamat
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-5789-4023
A. Smyrnova
N. Savchenko

The article highlights the results of marketing researches of consumer behavior and motivations at the market of tourist services of the region. In the research the respondents’ attitude towards tourist services was determined, socio-demographic characteristics of the tourist product users were identified, the most significant factors influencing the process of choosing tourist services were identified and estimated.

The volume and structure of tourist flows to Ukraine are analyzed, as a result of which the urgency of problems at the market of tourist services is determined. On the basis of statistical data, the wave-like nature of tourism development in Ukraine has been revealed in recent years.

The forms of travel and forms of tourism that consumers prefer are defined. In the context of travel quality, the costs of tourists for one day of rest is explored, as well as other factors that make up choice of travel for the benefit of foreign holidays. The advantages of respondents’ rest abroad are analyzed. In the process of studying consumer motivations, a connection between consumer behavior was found depending on the level of average monthly income, the article revenue, the frequency of traveling abroad and age on the basis of the use of nonparametric statistical methods, in particular the Cramer’s mutual agreement, as well as the significance of the given connection on the basis of the chi- square criterion. He made it possible to establish a close relationship between the respondents’ and the amount of money allocated for one day of rest, average monthly income and the type of tourism (in geopolitical space), the frequency and duration of trips abroad, as well as the diversity of countries that are favored by tourists. There is also a close relationship between the age of respondents and the duration of travel abroad, the choice of countries for travel and regions of the world, as well as factors that are the benefits of resting abroad.

Based on the results of research of consumer motivations, segmentation of tourist services was performed and their features were characterized due to the psychographic and behavioral criteria, which is a prerequisite for effective influence on consumer choice and satisfaction of his expectations.

Keywords: tourist market, consumer behavior, consumer motivations, tourist marketing, marketing research, tourist services, consumer segmentation.

Reference

1. Law of Ukraine On Tourism № 324/95-ВР (1995, September 15). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/324/95-вр/card2#Card [in Ukrainian].
2. Horkavyi, V. K., Yarova, V. V. (2004). Matematychna statystyka. Kyiv: Profesional [in Ukrainian].
3. State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved from: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
4. Zozulov, O. V., Vasylenko, A. T. (2017). Analysis of consumer behavior in the industrial market to form a trade offers. Economic bulletin of National Technical University of Ukraine “Kyiv Polytechnical Institute”. 14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2307-5651.14.2017.108742. Retrieved from: http://ev.fmm.kpi.ua/article/view/108742 [in Ukrainian].
5. Kizyma, V.L., Bortnik, N.V. (2016). Marketing research of tourist and hotel services market in Ukraine. Scientific Journal of Kherson State University. Series “Economic Sciences”. 2 (Vol. 17), 37-40 [in Ukrainian].
6. Kudla, N.Ie. (2013). Motyvy vyboru vidpochynku u selianskomu ahroturystychnomu hospodarstvi. Visnyk DITB. Seriia: Ekonomika, orhanizatsiia ta upravlinnia pidpryiemstvamy turystychnoi industrii ta turystychnoi haluzi v tsilomu. 17, 283-289. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/vditb_2013_17_48 [in Ukrainian].
7. Lozhkin, H.V., Komarovska, V.L. (2009). Spozhyvatska povedinka. Praktychna psykholohiia ta sotsialni robota. 4, 1-10 [in Ukrainian].
8. Obolentseva, L., Pavlenko, A. (2015). The marketing and its role in the tourism industry of the region. International Scientific Journal. 9, 141-145. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/mnj_2015_9_33 [in Ukrainian].
9. Oklander, M. A. (2013). Vplyv sotsialnykh chynnykiv na povedinku spozhyvacha. Naukovi pratsi DONNTU. Seriia: Ekonomichna. 4 (46), 248-255 [in Ukrainian].
10. Oklander, M. A. (2013). Modern transformations of cultural factors of conduct of user. Economic Bulletin of NTUU “KPI”. 10, 386-392 [in Ukrainian].
11. Prokopenko, O.V., Troian, M.Yu. (2008). Povedinka spozhyvachiv. Kyiv: Tsentr uchbovoi literatury [in Ukrainian].
12. Rodelius, V., Azarian, O. M., Babenko, N. O. (2009). Marketing. Kyiv: NMTs „Konsortsium z udoskonalennia menedzhment-osvity v Ukraini” [in Ukrainian].
13. Tielietov, O. S., Kosolap, N.Ie. (2012). Features and prospects of tourist services marketing in Ukraine. Marketing and Management of Innovations. 1, 21-34. [in Ukrainian].
14. Tielietov, O. S., Khyzhniak, M. O. (2013). Marketing approaches to tourist services in Ukraine. Marketing and Management of Innovations. 3. С. 200-212 [in Ukrainian].
15. Altkorn, J. (1995). Marketing w turystyce. Warszawa : Wydawnictwonaukowe PWN.
16. Mostert, P. G. (2002). Buying behaviour of South African Internet users. Pretoria : University of Pretoria.
17. Palatkova, M. (2012). Travel and tourism marketing-review. Czech Journal of Tourizm. 1, 30-52.
18. Swarbrooke, J., Horner, S. (2007). Consumer behaviour in tourism.Oxford : Elsevier.
19. Wang, Jing (2017). Economic and cultural impact of tourism marketing. Marketing and Management of Innovations. 3, 53-59. Retrieved from: http://mmi.fem.sumdu.edu.ua.

UDC 658: 012. 34:631.15

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-3

N. V. Dobizha
О. B. Pоhrishcyk

The article deals with the problem of application of the logistic approach to the improvement of the agricultural production management system. The features of the logistic approach in the management of material flows are determined. The mechanism of logistic organization of agrarian entrepreneurship is explored. The focus is on a comparative analys is of the traditional and logistic concept of production organization. The directions of activation of the development of the logistics system for improving the management of agricultural production are substantiated.

The aim of the work is to substantiate theoretical and methodological principles and to develop directions for improving the agricultural production management system based on the application of the logistic approach.

It is proved that for the logistic approach control actions are added from the side of a unified logistics management system to a new control object – the through material flow. These control actions are formed taking into account the general goals and criteria of the efficiency of the investigated logistics chain, therefore, the parameters of the initial material flow are predictable.

The article focuses on the formation of the basic models of the logistic organization of agrarian entrepreneurship and the differentiation of the principles of functioning of the logistic mechanism of management of the production system of enterprises on the complexity of production operations; consistency with the overall strategy of the enterprise; formation of general logistic costs;informational and personnel support; organization of supply, transportation, warehousing, distribution, etc.

The advantages of using a logistic approach include: reducing costs for transportation; more rational use of industrial premises; optimization of loading and unloading of diverse cargoes and routes of transport during delivery of products to the consumer; timely delivery of products to the extent necessary and appropriate quality of receipt of material and technical resources at anytime, provided that the level of stocks does not exceed the targets and does not fall below the minimumal lowable level.

It is determined that in order to activate the development of logistics as a direction of improvement of the system of management of agricultural production, it is necessary to implement the following measures: to establish cooperation with international organizations regarding the regulation of standards in agricultural production in accordance with European and international norms; to promote development of the infrastructure of storage and transportation of agricultural products, transport network; create centers for raising the qualification knowledge on the benefits of agricultural cooperation, tax and financial reporting, and the formation of a sales and logistics system.

Keywords: logistic approach, logistic concept, agricultural production, organization of production, management system.

Reference

1. Irtyshcheva, I.O., Tubaltseva, N.P. (2018). Napriamy znyzhennia vytrat pidpryiemstva na osnovi lohistychnykh pidkhodiv. The bulletin of the Kharkiv National Agricultural University Of V. V. Dokuchaeva. Economic Sciences. 2, 63-72 [in Ukrainian].
2. Lohistyka yak nauka pro upravlinnia materialnymy potokamy. Retrieved from: http://www.megos.org.ua/logistyka.1.html [in Ukrainian].
3. Kachurovskyi, V.Ie. (2018) Lohistychnyi pidkhid yak nova suchasna tendentsiia rehionalnoho upravlinnia. Problemy formirovaniya novoy ekonomiki ХХI veka: IV mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferentsiya. Retrieved from: http://www.confcontact.com/20111222/1_kachurovskij.php [in Ukrainian].
4. Seleznova, N.V. (2008). Lohistychnyi pidkhid v upravlinni yak innovatsiina model rozvytku pidpryiemstva. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu «Lvivska politekhnika». 102, 634-637. Retrieved from: vlp.com.ua/files/102_0.pdf [in Ukrainian].
5. Semenov, H. A., Hyria, M. H. (2006). Evoliutsiia poniattia «lohistyka». Kharakterystyka lohistychnykh system. Derzhava ta rehiony. 3, 281-289. [in Ukrainian].
6. Horodko, M.V. (2017). Peredumovy ta zakonomirnosti vykorystannia lohistychnoho menedzhmentu. Ekonomika ta derzhava.8, 80-83. [in Ukrainian].
7. Melnyk, V.I., Pohrishchuk, O.B. (2017). Ekonomichnyi potentsial rozvytku silskykh terytorii v umovakh yevrointehratsiinykh protsesiv: perspektyvy zmitsnennia. Visnyk Ternopilskoho natsionalnoho ekonomichnoho universytetu. 3, 38-48. [in Ukrainian].
8. Mishenina, N.V., Turenko, Yu.O. (2015). Lohistychnyi pidkhid v upravlinni vytratamy vyrobnychoi systemy pidpryiemstva: stratehichni oriientyry. Visnyk Sumskoho natsionalnoho ahrarnoho universytetu. Ekonomika i menedzhment. 5 (64), 89-92 [in Ukrainian].
9. Baranets, H.V., Zhurnakovska, K.I. (2012). Lohistychnyi pidkhid v upravlinni materialnymy resursamy metalurhiinoho pidpryiemstva. Ekonomika i rehion. 3 (34), 123-127 [in Ukrainian].
10. Volnova, O.M. (2010). Lohistychnyi pidkhid do formuvannia ahrarnoho vyrobnytstva. Visnyk Khmelnytskoho natsionalnoho universytetu. 2. (Vol. 1), 161-164. [in Ukrainian].
11. Velychko, O. (2013). Spilna lohistyka rehioniv. Ahrobiznes sohodni. June, 4. Retrieved from: http://agro-business.com.ua/agro/rehionalnyi-vymir/item/8334-spilna-lohistyka-rehioniv.html [in Ukrainian].

UDC 338.1

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-2

I. M. Lesik
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1225-7594

The author investigated the basic definitions regarding the essence of the social and economic aspects of development of the society, which in terms of the economy is seen as a holistic system that responds to external factors and the evolving together with society. The features of formation of the priority directions of a socio-economic nature depending on the stage of development at which the country at the moment. For Ukraine, which is at the stage of transition economy among the major institutional priorities highlighted decentralization of power, with the transfer of substantial powers to local authorities, not excluding the active state support, due to the fact that among the regions may experience some asymmetry.Due to the influence of internal and external factors to create prerequisites for achieving synergy in countries at different stages of development. Considered range of interaction and role functions of the State towards protecting national interests, with a view to achieving the common good. It has been proven that in shaping the socio-economic priorities a significant role occupied by installation of society in adapting to changing conditions, the nature of the interaction between the parties. Studied indicators of socio-economic development estimated world rankings, identified the strengths and weaknesses of Ukraine compared to more developed countries and those that are more similar in terms of economic development. Due to the influence of internal and external factors to create prerequisites for achieving synergy in countries at different stages of development it is considered range of interaction and role functions of the State towards protecting national interests, with a view to achieving the common good. It has been proven that in shaping the socio-economic priorities a significant role occupied by installation of society in adapting to changing conditions, the nature of the interaction between the parties. Studied indicators of socio-economic development estimated world rankings, identified the strengths and weaknesses of Ukraine compared to more developed countries and those that are more similar in terms of economic development.This trend does not bring positive results and requires strategic decisions in production, since gross national income indicators are fundamental in determining the level of human development.  It is given that the social component gets the assignment in the distribution according to the results of the sphere of material production, the latter often forgoes due attention on the part of the State. This situation is a consequence of the unstable economic processes. Issues addressed in this publication are quite relevant and require further study.

Keywords: development, system, decentralization, fragility, progress, standard of living, security, interests, globalization.

Reference

1. Pylypenko, G., Lytvynenko, N. & Cherkavska, T. (2016). Social and economic development of society: nature and factors of change. Ekonomicnij prostir, 106, 115-126. Retrieved from: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/ecpros_2016_106_13 [in Ukrainian].
2. Poluiaktova, O. V. (2017). Acceleration of the socio-economic development of society: economic and political aspects. Globalʹni ta nacionalʹni problemi ekonomiki, 16, 16-19 [in Ukrainian].
3. Sadkovy, V. P. (2013). Basic economic mechanisms of state control of entering in european space of modern higher education of Ukraine. Globalʹni ta nacionalʹni problemi ekonomiki, 1. Retrieved from: http://www.kbuapa.kharkov.ua/e-book/db/2013-1/doc/2/10.pdf [in Ukrainian].
4. Jahan, S. (2018) Human Development Indices and Indicators 2018, Statistical Update. United Nations Development Programme. Human Development Reports. Retrieved from: http://hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update.
5. Tretiak, V. P. (2016). Analiz pidkhodiv do formuvannia stratehii sotsialno-ekonomiichnoho rozvytku derzhavy. Sotsial’naya ekonomika, 2, 151-156 [in Ukrainian].
6. Ruzhenskyi, M. M. (2014). Teoretychni aspekty formuvannia ekonomichnykh osnov sotsialnoho zakhystu naselennia v rynkovii ekonomitsi. Sotsialno-trudovi vidnosyny: teoriia ta praktyka. 2, 294-298 [in Ukrainian].
7. Lebedieva, L. (2013). Sotsialno-ekonomichnyi rozvytok ta sposoby yoho vymiru. Konkurentsiia.Visnyk antymonopolnoho komitetu Ukrainy. 1 (48), 54-59 [in Ukrainian].
8. Secretariat of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (2017). Decentralization reform. Retrieved from: https://www.kmu.gov.ua/ua/diyalnist/reformi/reforma-decentralizaciyi [in Ukrainian].
9. Sas, O. (2016). Detsentralizatsiia pid mikroskopom: analiz pliusiv ta minusiv dlia obiednanykh hromad. Decentralization. Retrieved from: https://decentralization.gov.ua/news/2101 [in Ukrainian].
10. Messner, J. J., Haken, N., Taft, P. & et al. (2018). Fragile States Index 2018. Washington, D.C.: The Fund for Peace. Retrieved from: http://fundforpeace.org/fsi/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/951181805-Fragile-States-Index-Annual-Report-2018.pdf.
11. The Fund for Peace. Fragile States Index. Retrieved from: http://fundforpeace.org/fsi/category/publications-and-downloads.
12. Porter, M. M. Stern, S., Green, M. (2018). Social Progress Index. Retrieved from: https://www.socialprogress.org/?tab=3&code=NOR&compare=UKR&prop=OPP-04.
13. Romaniuk, O. (2018). Dokhid Ukrainy: ye pryvid dlia optymizmu, ale yak nadovho. Sohodni. May, 3. Retrieved from: https://www.segodnya.ua/economics/enews/dohody-ukrainy-est-povod-dlya-optimizma-no-nadolgo-li-1135243.html. [in Ukrainian].

 

UDC 631.115.8:330.3(477)

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2018-4(100)-1

I.I. Cherven
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4268-8216
S.I. Pavliuk
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-9093-5237

The article presents the results of studies about the effectiveness of spring barley crop cultivation with modern retriever preparations in the background of mineral fertilizers carried out in 2013-2017on the southern black soils in the Ukrainian Steppe. The options for plant nutrition significantly influenced the growth and development of spring barley varieties. So the plants were distinguished by their maximum height during the cultivation on the background of mineral fertilization and the extracorporeal fertilization of crops during the vegetation period with the Escort– bio.

The height of spring barley plants varied significantly and depended on the varietal characteristics. The highest linear height was characterized by the barley stalker variety, and the smallest variety was the Aeneas variety. Thus, for the cultivation without fertilizers, this indicator in the Aeneas variety was 65.9, the Adapt variety – 71.9, and the Stalker variety – 71.9 cm. By the applying of a moderate dose of mineral fertilizers, the height of the plants of these varieties in the phase of full grain maturity was respectively 72.5; 75.1 and 76.5 cm. The highest plants of spring barley during all years of our research were in the version of foliar application of crops during the period of vegetation with the modern preparation Escort – bio– 79.7 – 89.4 cm all this depends on the variety.

The applied fertilizers and weather conditions during the years of research significantly influenced the productivity of barley varieties. The lowest crop was formed in 2013, and the highest in 2016.

The maximum yield of barley varieties in all years of research was formed for cultivating by the applying a moderate dose of mineral fertilizers and foliar application of crops with Organic D2 and Escort – bio. Thus, on average, over the years of research and in terms of the factor, the grain yield was 3.37- 3.41t/ha, which exceeded its level by fertilized control at 0.71 – 0.75 t/ha or 26.7 – 28.2%, and in the back ground of making only mineral fertilizers – at 0.4  t/ha or 15.4%.

Іt was found that, taking into account the weather conditions and variants of plant nutrition, the variety plays an important role in the formation of spring barley yield. Thus, on average, during the years of research and by the factor of nutrition, the highest yield of the grain was formed by the plants of the Aeneas variety–3.36 t/ha, which exceeded the Stalker variety by 0.21 t/ha or 6.3%, and according to the Adapt variety – by 0.32 t/ha or 9.5%.

In the appropriate selection of varieties and optimization of plant nutrition conditions during the growing season, the basic processes of their growth and development are improved. By optimizing the nutrition of the crop is more intensive in the growth of top soils biomass of plants, which will further affect the formation of grain productivity of spring barley. Aeneas variety and the combination of the mineral fertilizers applying in a dose of N₃₀P₃₀ and non-root crop fertilization with Escort Bio. On average, during the years of our research, the highest yield of grain was formed by the plants of the Aeneas variety in the variant of mineral fertilization and fertilization of the Escort – bio – 3.61 t/ha.

Keywords: variety of, spring barley, plant nutrition, regulatory preparations, plant height, grain yield.

Reference

1. Dovzhenko, V.A. (2018). Rol obsluhovuiuchoi kooperatsii u rozvytku silskohospodarskykh domohospodarstv. Kooperatyvni chytannia: 2018 rik: materialy vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (pp. 121-125). – Zhytomyr [in Ukrainian].
2. Zinovchuk, V.V. (2018). Chy ochikuvaty Ukraini na kooperatyvnyi bum? Kooperatyvni chytannia: 2018 rik: materialy vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (pp. 7-11). – Zhytomyr [in Ukrainian].
3. Lupenko, Yu.O., Malik, M.I., Shpykuliak, O.H. & et al. (2016). Rozvytok pidpryiemnytstva i kooperatsii: instytutsionalnyi aspekt. Kyiv: NNTs IAE.
4. Moldovan, L.V. (2018). Zahrozy vitchyznianomu kooperatyvnomu zakonodavstvu ta yikh uperedzhennia. Kooperatyvni chytannia: 2018 rik: materialy vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (pp. 20-24). – Zhytomyr [in Ukrainian].
5. Prylipko, S.M., Makushok, O.V. (2017). Rol mizhnarodnykh proektiv tekhnichnoi dopomohy u rozvytku obsluhovuiuchoi kooperatsii silskykh terytorii. Kooperatyvni chytannia: 2018 rik: materialy vseukrainskoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii (pp.107-113). – Zhytomyr [in Ukrainian].
6. Law of Ukraine on agricultural cooperation № 469/97-VR (1997, Jule 17). Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/469/97-вр?lang=en [in Ukrainian].
7. Soiuz uchasnykiv silskohospodarskykh obsluhovuiuchykh kooperatyviv Ukrainy (2012). Prohrama rozvytku silskohospodarskykh obsluhovuiuchykh kooperatyviv na 2013-2020 rr.: proekt prohramy. Retrieved from: http://www.coop-union.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/ProgrammSOK_new_ver.pdf [in Ukrainian].
8. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2018). Agriculture of Ukraine for 2017. Retrieved from: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua [in Ukrainian].
9. Lupenko, Yu.O. & Mesel-Veseliak, V.Ia. (2012). Stratehichni napriamy rozvytku silskoho hospodarstva Ukrainy na period do 2020 roku. Kyiv: NNTs «IAE». [in Ukrainian].