Basic scientific approaches to management in modern education

UDC 378.14

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-17

V. Melnichenko

 

        It should be especially emphasized that in today’s conditions of the labor market, new models of economics and control of educational institutions are required, solving of problems of this branch development in general depends on them. That is why searching for new ways of managing and improving the organization of the educational process is gaining the special significance in modern conditions.
        In the theory of management, there are two points of view on the relation between the concepts of “control” and “management”. Some authors believe that control is only one of the functions of management, while others – other way round. We believe that the concept of “management” covers the following aspects of the control of a particular institution, such as types of managerial control, features of motivation, work with personnel, control styles. Management in education is always an orientation of executive functions to the needs of the labor market, the demand for various types of services. Control in education – is the orientation of executive functions for specific decisions of higher organizations, managers, achievement of the goal. Summarizing Western practice, we have the following definition of the term manager: it is the subject of management in an organization, a professional chief who realizes that he is a representative of a special profession, and not just an engineer, economist or teacher who is in charge of management.
        In management, the controlling cycle includes the main managerial functions: planning, organization of activities, regulation and control. Thus, controlling functions are considered as specific types of management activities that form a cyclic process of control. The accumulated experience allowed the author to conclude: the crisis of education is not related to the shortcomings laid down in the very idea of reforming education, but with errors in the management of this system both at the state level and at the level of educational institutions themselves. Scientific control is not just a conscious control. This is a control, the subject of management relies on in his influence on society, on the scientific laws of social development perception.
        In our opinion, the main problem of reforming modern education in Ukraine is determining the place in this reform for the training of managers of the new formation. It is a pity that the concept of the “New Ukrainian School” does not involve the training of the heads of educational institutions.

      Key words: control, management, pedagogical management, scientific control, functions, principles, methods of control.


References

  1. Kremin, V.G. (2005) Education and Science in Ukraine-Innovative Aspects. K .: Letter. 448p.
  2. The Law of Ukraine “On Education” No. 2145-VIII on 05.09.2017 URL: http://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2145-19
  3. Drucker, Peter (2004) Effective manager / Translation into Russian: A. Mkervali. M.Electronic publication: Center of humanitarian technologies. – September 27, 2010 URL: https://gtmarket.ru/laboratory/basis/4976
  4. Sukhomlinsky, V.A.(1973) About upbringing M.: Politizdat, 272р.
  5. John, Mitchell. (2004) Manager’s desktop book. Dnipropetrovsk: Balance Business Busks, 124p.
  6. Kolomensky, N.L. (1996) Psychology of pedagogical management. K.: MAUP, 176s.
  7. Starikov, I.M. (2003) Psychology in specific situations. Nicholas: Cimmerian Opportunities, 2528р.
  8. Skorokhodov, V.A.(2003) Higher School Management. Nikolaev: Southern Slavic Institute of the KSU. 355р.
  9. Chernys, A.P. (2008) Management education. K.: Publishing house Universitet of BMPU named after B.D.Grinchenko. 48р.
  10. Shatun, V.T. (2006) Fundamentals of Management. Nikolaev: MDGU Publishing Petra Mohyla. 376p.
  11. Evenko, L.I. (1992) Lessons from American Management. Introductory article / М.Х. Meskon, MA Albert, F. Fundamentals of Management / Per. from english – M.: Case. PР. 5-17.
  12. Melnichenko, V.V. (2006) Features of management in vocational education. Nikolaev: Kvit. 240р.
  13. Maurice, M. (2000) Beginner Manager / English translation M. Veselova. M.: Fair-Press.336р.

Determination of the main directions of injury prevention in agricultural enterprises

UDC 331.454

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-16

N. Radionov
D. Marchenko
V. Kurepin

 

       The article deals with the main factors influencing occupational injuries of agricultural enterprises. It is established that the change in their number and level of influence depends on the limited capabilities of human rights systems and the multiplicity of manifestations of its mental characteristics. For example, the multivariate behavioral reactions presented system of inadequacy of action to the emerging external conditions, which suggests the unreality of achieving absolute security. Practice shows that isolated delays such as compensations for poor working conditions, and the provision of means for collective and individual protection of workers at enterprises do not ensure the implementation of a strategy for improving working conditions and reducing injuries at agricultural enterprises. Only an integrated approach based on professional risk prevention with the development of national priorities in the development, design and manufacture of modern agricultural machinery for agriculture, bringing the current legal framework for labor safety in line with international and European labor standards is a sufficiently effective measure to prevent occupational injuries.

       Keywords: agricultural machinery, priority areas, safety, production equipment, legal framework, machines, units, mechanisms, improvement of safety, safety measures.

 

New requirements to the foodstuffs labelling

UDC 641 658.8

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-15

L. Patryeva
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4242-0519

 

      An important task of producers is to provide the population of Ukraine with high-quality foodstuffs, which increases the level of consumers’ welfare, improves the health of people.
      The Law of Ukraine “About Information for Consumers regarding Foodstuffs” establishes the legal and organizational principles for giving consumers information about foodstuffs in order to ensure a high level of the citizens’ health protection and to meet their social and economic interests.
      The main innovations of the new law are: obligatory information about foodstuffs should not be concealed or distorted by other text or graphic information; duties of food market operators responsible for informing should be regulated; prohibition of the use of data, particularly in advertising, which can be misleading (concerning qualities and characteristics of products and effect of their consumption, as well as attributing them medical qualities); informing about the content of additives and substances that cause allergies or intolerances; regulation of rules of giving information about foodstuffs that are sold remotely-delivered; informing about whether the food was unfreezed. The name should contain the word “defreezed”; deviation from the obligatory indication of the nutritional value of raw products, or products which don’t need such data for acquiring; the height of small stationary elements, by means of which it is marked, must be equal or exceed 1.2 mm; when using packaging or containers the surface area of ​​which is less than 80 cm2, the height of the small elements should be more than 0.9 mm.
      The implementation of the law makes it possible to provide consumers with information about food products or ingredients, their composition, nutritional value, method of consumption, as well as systematizes the requirements for food information in one law, harmonized with the legislation of the European Union.

      Keywords: draft law, labelling, foodstuffs, product safety.

References

  1. Chitkyy shryft i bilʹshe informatsiyi: Rada maye namir zminyty pravyla markuvannya kharchovykh produktiv. URL: https://economics.unian.ua/agro/10181930-chitkiy-shrift-i-bilshe-informaciji-rada-maye-namir-zminiti-pravila-markuvannya-harchovih-produktiv.html
  2. Rada pryiniala zakon pro informatsiiu dlia spozhyvachiv shchodo kharchovykh produktiv [Elektronnyi resurs]. URL: https://agropolit.com/news/10642-rada-priynyala-zakon-pro-informatsiyu-dlya-spojivachiv-schodo-harchovih-produktiv
  3. Yevrointehratsiya shlyakhom markuvannya kharchovykh produktiv [Elektronnyy resurs] – Rezhym dostupu : https://agronews.ua/node/92255
  4. Akulenko L. Nadannya spozhyvacham informatsiyi pro kharchovi produkty: vymohy YES ta novatsiyi dlya Ukrayiny / L. Akulenko, S. Maystruk., ZH. Pastovensʹka. URL: http://www.consumer.gov.ua/Pictures/Files/Editor/document/novyny/markuvannya
  5. Frantsiya: stupinʹ korysnosti produktiv zobov’yazaly drukuvaty na upakovtsi. URL: https://agroportal.ua./news/mir/frantsiya-stepen-poleznosti-produktov-obyazali-pechatat-na-upakovke/
  6. Proekt Zakonu pro informatsiyu dlya spozhyvachiv shchodo kharchovykh produktiv. Ofitsiynyy portal Verkhovnoyi Rady. URL: http://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=64171
  7. Tekhnichnyy rehlament shchodo pravyl markuvannya kharchovykh produktiv. URL: http ://zakon2.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/z0183-11
  8. Vymohy do markuvannya kharchovykh produktiv. URL: http://dpss-sumy.gov.ua/news/vimogi-do-markuvannya-harchovih-produktiv
  9. Yak u Yevropi. Ukrayina zminyuye pravyla markuvannya produktiv. URL: http://report.if.ua/socium/yak-u-yevropi-ukrayina-zminyuye-pravyla-markuvannya-produktiv/
  10. V Ukrayini zaprovadyly novi pravyla markuvannya kharchovykh produktiv. URL: https://ua.news/ru/v-ukrayini-zaprovadili-novi-pravila-markuvannya-harchovoyi-produktsiyi/

Advantages of hybrid mobile applications and progressive web apps for entrepreneurs

UDC 004.4’2

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-14

 

T. Moroz
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-5445-0571
V. Endres
ORCID ID: 0000-0001-8724-8890

 

        The article deals with the problems of using mobile applications by business entities. The possibilities of obtaining additional benefits from the use of advanced web applications and hybrid mobile applications were analyzed. The main advantages and disadvantages of hybrid applications are determined and compared with native applications.
       Using mobile applications to interact with customers makes the experience of using the service much more enjoyable due to deep personalization, high availability and smoothness of work. However, the native development of applications for different platforms is not always appropriate in view of the ratio of results obtained and spent resources.
        The concepts of hybrid mobile applications and advanced web applications have many common features. We believe that within the next 5 years, PWA’s rapid growth will take place, as technology is much more attractive than traditional applications directly installed on the device.
        Today, PWA has such disadvantages as limited access to native mobile APIs and low support. Given the foregoing, we believe that the development of hybrid mobile applications gives more benefits to entrepreneurs than the development of PWA. It should be noted that the Ionic Framework, in addition to the Android and iOS apps, can also collect progressive web applications, which makes the use of this tool most profitable under conditions of low resource availability.
        A very promising framework is the React Native framework, which allows you to develop native applications without losing the possibility of cross-platform development. The use of this approach is much more rational than the technological point of view, but the entry threshold for React Native technology is much higher than in other frameworks, which in turn significantly increases the cost of development.
      To sum up, it should be noted that the development of hybrid mobile applications has both advantages and disadvantages, so when choosing an approach to developing mobile software, the priorities for the application should be determined. For example, if an application needs to process large amounts of data, perform complex computing operations and provide maximum performance, then the hybrid applications and PWA should be discarded in favor of native software.

     Keywords: mobile application, hybrid mobile application, progressive web application, smartphone, native, framework, cross-platform.

References

  1. Hybrid Mobile Application Retrieved from: bit.ly/2Jdk0PL [in English].
  2. Hybrid Android Apps (2016). Retrieved from: ly/2TLtKED [in English].
  3. Developing a hybrid mobile application with Ionic (2013). Retrieved from: ly/2VYGNQH [in English].
  4. Annual number of global mobile app downloads 2017-2022 (2019). Statista. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2zTtudv [in English].
  5. Global Commerce Review. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2AkZ5Re [in English].
  6. Average Time Spent per Day with Mobile Internet Among US Adults, In-App vs. Mobile Web, 2015-2019 (2017). eMarketer. Retrieved from: ly/2lKBO5B. [in English].
  7. Mobile App Cost Calculator. Retrieved from: ly/2AgRNlB. [in English].
  8. Mobile Operating System Market Share Ukraine. Retrieved from: ly/2HyPdKr. [in English].
  9. Fuller J. (2017). Infographic: Progressive Web Apps. The Future of Mobile. Retrieved from: bit.ly/2zLyAHx. [in English].
  10. Bhagat V. (2017). Benefits of Hybrid Mobile Apps for Small Businesses. Retrieved from: ly/2zSBBYz. [in English].

Exterior and intensity of the growth of cross-breed ewes F1 derived from the crossing of ewes of the Tsigai breed with the rams of the meat breeds

UDC 636.37.064:636.082.26

DOI:10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-13

I. Slyusarenko

 

        Тhe exterior parameters, the intensity of ewes growth from birth to the age of one year derived from the crossing of the Tsigai breed ewes with the rams of the Hissar breed and the merinolandshaf were studied.
       The work was carried out on the heads of the cross-breed ewes of the first generation derived from the crossing of the ewes of the Tsigai breed with rams of the Hissar and merynolodshaf breeds. For this purpose, two groups of ewes were formed with 20 heads in each, depending on the breed of the father. The ewes of both groups were grown in the same conditions of retention and feeding. In the ewes the average daily gain was determined and the exterior was evaluated by taking measurements of body items by measuring method and determining the indices of body structure according to generally accepted methods.As a result of the studies, it was found that cross-breed ewes up to the age of one year derived from the Hissar and Merino-Landshaf sheep and the Tsigai breed ewes had an exterior characteristic of sheep of meat-wool production, good viability and growth energy, and an average daily growth predominated (Tsigai x merino-landshaf) of the same age by 9.0 g or by 7.7% (P> 0.999).They also, in comparison with the ewes of the same age, from the ram of the Merinoladshaf, were more long-legged, with a longer trunk and circumference of chest and more large-headed and massive, and by the main measurements of body items their superiority over their peers ranged from 8.4 to 16.7%.Taking into account that the exterior-constitutional type to some extent predetermines the development of productive qualities of sheep, the study of this connection is relevant and requires further research in subsequent generations of animals.

         Key words: sheep breed, dynamics of average daily growth, the dimensions of the exterior, body structure indices of the local ewes.

References

  1. Goncharenko, I.V, and Vinnychuk D.T. 2002. Extreme types of dairy cows: Methods of evaluation and classification – Ekster’yerni ty`py` molochny`x koriv: Metody` ocinky` ta klasy`fikaciyi. Visny`k Sums`kogo nacz. agrarn. u-tu. Seriya: Tvary`nny`cztvo. Sumy` –Sumy National Herald agrarian u-th Series: Animal Husbandry. Sumy.2/1 (24) : 18-22(in Ukrainian).
  2. LivinsʹkyyA.I. Eksterʺyerniosoblyvostipomisnykhtachystoporodnykhyarok/ A.I. Livinsʹkyy, M.K. Bohdan// Zb. Nauk. pr.. ODAU «AhrarnyyvisnykPrychornomorʺya»: Silʹsʹkohospodarsʹkitabiolohichninauky. Vyp. 50. – Odesa: SMYL, 2009. – S. 54-60.
  3. MykytyukV.V. Naukovo-praktychneobgruntuvannyavyroshchuvannyamolodnyakuovetsʹ/ V.V. Mykytyuk, I.I. Porotinova// Nauk.tekhnik. byul. NDtsentrubiobezpekytaekolohichnohokontrolyuresursivAPK. 5:4. №1. – Dnipropetrovsʹk, 2016. – S. 134-139.
  4. TofanI.N. Kharakterystykaproduktyvnostitsyhaysʹkykhovetsʹ tayikhpomiseyzvivtsyamyporodybentkhaymer/ I.N. Tofan, P.I. Lyutskonov, O.A. Mashner// Nauk. visn. «Askaniya-Nova». Vyp. 10.: NovaKokhovka «PYEL», 2017. – S. 112-120.
  5. Magomedov, T. A. 2006. Myasnaya produkty`vnost` tonkorunny`x y` polutonkorunnыx ovecz – Meat productivity of thin-walled and semi-tanned sheep. Ovczы, kozы, sherstyanoe delo – Sheep, goat, woolen case. 1 : 27-29(in Russian).
  6. Aboneev, V. V., Surov, A. Y`. and Py`kalov, A. A.` 2011. Produkty`vnost` yarok raznыx genoty`pov – Productivity of vivid different genotypes. Ovczы, kozы, sherstyanoe delo – Sheep, goat, woolen case. 4 : 9-11(in Russian).
  7. Irinchinova, T. P. 2016. Efficiency of industrial cross-breeding of rams of Russian long-haired breed with uterus of Buryat type of Trans-Baikal thin-breed breed – Efficiency of industrial cross-breeding of rams of Russian long-haired breed with uterus of Buryat type of Trans-Baikal thin-breed breed // Sheep, goat, wool business – Sheep, goat, wool business. 3 : 12-15(in Russian).
  8. Menknasunov, P. P., and Zulaev, M. S. 2016. Nekotorыe rezul`tatы y`spol`zovany`ya avstraly`jsky`x m’yasny`x mery`nosov na matkax groznenskoj porodы – SomeresultsofusingAustralianmeatmerinosintheuterusoftheGroznybreed// Ovczы, kozы, sherstyanoe delo – Sheep, Goats, WoolenCase. 2 : 12-13(inRussian).
  9. Aboneev, V. V., Surov, A. Y`., and Omarov, A. A. 2011. Otkormochnыe y` myasnыe kachestva molodnyaka ovecz raznogo napravleny`ya produkty`vnosty` – Fatandmeatqualitiesofyoungsheepofdifferentproductivitydirections. Ovczы, kozы, sherstyanoe delo – Sheep, goat, woolenbusiness. 4 : 34-36 (in Ukrainian).
  10. Ky`tayeva, A. P. and Slyusarenko, I. S. 2017. Rozvy`tok novonarodzheny`x yagnyat cy`gajs`koyi porody` ovecz` zalezhno vid genoty`pu bat`kiv – DevelopmentofnewbornlambsoftheZigaisheepbreeddependingonthegenotypeoftheparents. Naukovo-teorety`chny`j. Naukovo-prakty`chny`j visny`k Dnipropetrovs`kogo DAEU. Dnipro – Scientific and Theoretical. Scientific and Practical Journal of DnipropetrovskState Economic University. Dnepr. 1(43):95-98 (in Ukrainian).
  11. Ty`mafijshy`n, I. I. and Deresh, O. M. 2010. Vidgodivel`ni yakosti ta m’yasna produkty`vnist` pomisny`x m’yaso-vovnovy`x baranciv –Eating qualities and meat productivity of local meat-and-fat lambs Zb. nauk. pr. Podil`s`kogo derzh. agrarno. texnich. un-tu. Seriya «Texnologiya vy`robny`cztva i pererobky` produkciyi tvary`nny`cztva». Kam’yanecz`-Podil`s`ky`j – Sb. sciences Podilsky State Ave. agrarian. technician un-th Series “Technology of production and processing of livestock products”. Kamyanets-Podilsky. 18 : 205-207 (in Ukrainian).
  12. VovchenkoB.E. Éffektyvnostʹ skreshchyvanyyaovetstavryysʹkohotypaaskanyysʹkoyporodysmyaso-salʹnymyymyasnymybaranamy/ B.E. Vovchenko, N.N. Korbych// Tavriysʹkyynauk. visn.: Naukovyyzhurnal. Vyp. 99. – Kherson: OLDI-PLYUS, 2018. – S. 167-173.
  13. SerbinaV.O. Intensyvnistʹ rostuirozvytkumolodnyakuvivtsematokriznykhtypivbudovytila/ V.O. Serbina// Nauk. visn. «Askaniya-Nova». Vyp. 5. CH. 1: «PYEL», 2012. – S. 189-195.
  14. Komogorcev, G. F., 2007. Vesovoj y` ly`nejnыj rost molodnyaka ovecz raznogo proy`sxozhdeny`ya – Weight and linear growth of young sheep of different origin. Ovczы, kozы, sherstyanoe delo – Sheep, goats, woolen business. 2 : 20-21 (in Russian).
  15. Plokhynskyi, N. A. 1969. Rukovodstvo po byometryy dlia zootekhnykov – Guideforbiometricsforlivestockbreeders. M. : Kolos, 255 (in Russian).

 

Activity of blood enzymes of lactating cows with different indicators of volume and weight coefficient and number of lactations

UDC 636.22:28.06.612.1

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-12

L. Baklanova

 

          We studied the activity of blood enzymes of lactating cows of the Ukrainian red dairy breed in the period of 2-4 lactations, depending on the indicators of volume-weight coefficient and the number of lactations.
          As a result of the research it was established that the largest volume-weight coefficient was in cows of the 4th lactation (0.573), and the smallest – the 2nd lactation (0.498 ± 0.030). The average for all lactation = 0,526 ± 0,025. With an increase in the age of cows from the second to the fourth lactation, this coefficient increased by 0.075 or by 15.0%, which indicates the formation of habitus in growing animals and first of all the thoracic skeleton.
         The activity of the enzymes in the blood of cows can be used as an interior indicator in the selection of highly productive cows, since they indicate an increased or decreased level of metabolism in the body. The change in the activity of transamination enzymes in the blood of lactating cows was uneven. The highest LDT activity was in the blood of 3rd lactation cows (637.30 ± 64.402 one / ml), and the smallest – 2nd lactation – 344.64 ± 154.296 one/ml. Cows of the 3rd and 4th lactations with high indicators of volume and weight coefficient had higher activity of enzymes. As a result of the research it was found that the activity of the enzymes AST, ALT, GGT, LDT is variable and depends on the indicators of the volume-weight coefficient and the number of lactations in lactating cows. Cows with higher rates of this coefficient had the highest rate of AST enzymes. With an increase in the volume-weight ratio to 0.573 in cows of the 4th lactation, the activity of all the studied enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT, LDT)  increases with the highest  indicator ( by 64.1%) of the enzyme LDT and the lowest (by 3.7%) of the enzyme ALT.

         Keywords: enzyme, cow, lactation, coefficient, volume-weight, activity.

References

  1. Taranov M.T. Biokhimiya i produktivnost’ zhivotnykh/ M.T. Taranov. : Kolos, 1976. S.69.
  2. Interʺyer silʹsʹkohospodarsʹkykh tvaryn: navchalʹnyy posibnyk/ Y. Z. Siratsʹkyy,YE.I. Fedorovych, B.M. Hopka [ta in.]. – K.: Vyshcha osvita, 2009. – 280 s.
  3. Behma N.A. Biokhimiya pokaznykiv krovi molodnyaka svyney za vykorystannya u kombikormakh anisorbu/ N.A. Behma// Nauk. tenich. biol.. 4 – №1. – Dnipropetrovsʹkyy ahrarno-ekonom. un-t. – Dnipropetrovsʹk, 2016. – S. 27-31.
  4. Verbelʹchuk T.V. Morfolohichni ta biokhimichni pokaznyky krovi molodnyaku svyney za zhodovuvannya mineralʹnykh dobavok/ T.V. Verbelʹchuk, S.P. Verbelʹchuk// Zb. Nauk. pr. Podilʹsʹkyy derzh. ahrarno-tekhnich. u-t. – Kamʼyanetsʹ-Podilʹsʹkyy, 2012. – S. 38-40.
  5. Bilash YU.P. Vplyv dodavannya v ratsion koriv selen metioninu ta vitaminu E na biokhimichni pokaznyky krovi telyat/ YU.P. Bilash, I.V. Vudmaska// Zb. Nauk. pr. Podilʹsʹkyy derzh. ahrarno-tekhnich. u-t. – Kamʼyanetsʹ-Podilʹsʹkyy, 2012. – S. 16-18.
  6. Kuziv M.I. Morfolohichni i biokhimichni pokaznyky krovi ta pryrodna rezystentnistʹ telytsʹ ukrayinsʹkoyi chorno-ryaboyi molochnoyi porody/ M.I. Kuziv, N. M. Kuziv, V. V. Fedorovych // Zb. Nauk. pr. Podilʹsʹkyy derzh. ahrarno-tekhnich. u-t. – Kamʼyanetsʹ-Podilʹsʹkyy, 2012. – S. 139-141.
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  8. Trachuk YE.H. Hematolohichni pokaznyky molodnyaku svyney pry zhodovuvanni preparatu Entero-aktyv/ YE.H. Trachuk // Zb. Nauk. pr. Podilʹsʹkyy derzh. ahrarno-tekhnich. u-t. – Kamʼyanetsʹ-Podilʹsʹkyy, 2012. – S. 279-280.
  9. Shydlovsʹka S.V. Morfolohichni ta biokhimichni pokaznyky krovi u koriv bukovynsʹkoho zavodsʹkoho typu ukrayinsʹkoyi chorno-ryaboyi molochnoyi porody/ S.V. Shydlovsʹka // Zb. Nauk. pr. Podilʹsʹkyy derzh. ahrarno-tekhnich. u-t. – Kamʼyanetsʹ-Podilʹsʹkyy, 2012. – S. 311-312.
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Use of correlation, regression and logistic models for the losses estimation of dairy industry from the heat stress

UDC 636.2.034:[57.045: 001.891.573]

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-11

 

D.-V. Pasiechko
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-6411-693X
V.Kushnerenko 
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1220-2972
L. Dashevska
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3727-6484

 

      Due to global warming, frequency of heat stress in farm animals is increasing. As a result, dairy cattle industry loses a lot of money because of under-received products. In order to minimize economic losses, it is necessary to implement measures to counter heat stress, which are preceded by level of loss estimation. Foreign researchers use complex multi-factor models and expensive software to obtain the most accurate estimates. Ukrainian dairy farms do not always have financial ability to order estimation services or carry them out by themselves, moreover, a very high level of accuracy may be unnecessary to prove the feasibility of implementation certain countermeasures. Thus, it is expedient to conduct estimation of heat stress losses using Excel program, meteorological data and databases to monitor the productivity of a farm.
       The research was conducted on the basis of dairy farm “Askaniiske” on livestock cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed during 2016…2018 period. Relationship between stress level in the environment and in cowsheds was studied. Impact of heat stress on milk yield cows and probability of conception at insemination were investigated. Temperature-humidity index and formula of accumulated level of stress developed by us were used to estimate heat stress level. Correlation-regression model was done according to generally accepted method. Accuracy of estimation was determined on the basis of loss comparison calculation according to N.R. St-Pierre method. It is established that in order to estimate the level of heat stress on a farm, it is necessary to combine estimation according to meteorological data with estimation of microclimate data. Developed models of estimation impact of heat stress on milk yield cows can be used for establishing economic feasibility of countermeasures use. At the same time, their accuracy is relatively low and they are useful for estimation of losses only during the period for which they were done. Model for predicting of insemination success is appropriate to use in conditions of strong stress.
       Thus, despite a number of disadvantages, this method can be used for rough estimation of stress losses and subsequent justification of countermeasures implementation.

 

       Keywords: heat stress, modeling, dairy cattle, milk yield, insemination.

References

  1. Gosling, S.N., Bruce, E.K., Grady Dixon, P., & et al. (2014). A glossary for biometeorology.International journal of biometeorology, 2, 277-308. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-013-0729-9
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  3. West, J.W. (2003). Effects of Heat-Stress on Production in Dairy Cattle. Journal of dairy science, 86, 2131-2144. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73803-X
  4. Key, N., Sneeringer, S., & Marquardt, D. (2014). Climate Change, Heat Stress, and U.S. Dairy Production. Washington: U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) – Economic Research Service (ERS). Retrieved from: https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2506668
  5. Pasiechko, D.D., & Nezhlukchenko, T.І. (2018). Teplovyi stres: vyiavlennia, poperedzhennia, vplyv na molochnі porody velykoi rohatoi khudoby (ohliad) . Tavrіiskyi naukovyi vіsnyk, 100, 167-174. Retrieved from http://www.tnv-agro.ksauniv.ks.ua/archives/100_2018/part_2/26.pdf
  6. Brügemann, K., Gernand, E., König von Borstel, U., & König, S. (2012). Defining and evaluating heat stress thresholds in different dairy cow production systems . Archives Animal Breeding, 55, 13-24. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-55-13-2012
  7. Schüller, L.K., Burfeind, O., & Heuwieser, W. (2016). Effect of short-and long-term heat stress on the conception risk of dairy cows under natural service and artificial insemination breeding programs . Journal of dairy science, 99, 2996-3002. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-10080
  8. Sadek, R.R., Nigm, A.A., Yassien, S.A., & et al. (2015). Future climate change and its influence on milk production of holstein cattle maintained in the Nile delta of Egypt. Egyptian journal of animal production, 52, 179-184.
  9. Bohmanova, J., Misztal, I., & Cole, J.B. (2007). Temperature-humidity indices as indicators of milk production losses due to heat stress. Journal of dairy science, 90, 1947-1956. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2006-513
  10. Zdrok, V.V., & Lahotskyi, T.Y. (2010). Ekonometrіia: pіdruchnyk. Kyiv: Znannia.
  11. St-Pierre, N.R., Cobanov, B., & Schnitkey, G. (2003). Economic losses from heat stress by US livestock industries. Journal of dairy science, 86, Supplement, 52-77. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)74040-5
  12. Schüller, L.K., Burfeind, O., & Heuwieser, W. (2013). Short communication: Comparison of ambient temperature, relative humidity, and temperature-humidity index between on farm measurement and official meteorological data. Journal of dairy science, 96, 7731-7738. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2013-6736
  13. Herbut, P., & Angrecka, S. (2013). Forecasting Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle in Selected Barn Zones with the Help of Thi and Thiadj Indexes. Annals of Animal Science, 13, 837-848. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2013-0029

 

Optimization of parameters of technological process of production of meat semifinished products

UDC 637.521.47

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-10

 

L. Strika
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-9847-6036
T. Pidpala
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-4072-7576
A. Kramarenko
ORCID ID: 0000-0002-2635-526X

 

         In the process of research, it was determined how the rotation speed of the drum machine for pans is poured into the physical and chemical parameters of the products.  In the study of the influence of rotation time of the drum, qualitative parameters were found that the mass fraction of moisture in pancakes was 59,3-64,1% in different methods. The likely advantage of pancakes, compared with the ones produced at cardiac and low velocity, is 4,8% (P>0,95). Normative content of water in pancakes «With meat» should not be higher than 65%, so different groups of products meet the requirements of state standards.
        We have identified the following indicators: the percentage of moisture, fat, salt and fillings, the mass of the product. The moisture content of pancakes at manufacturing was 59,9-60,6% at the highest temperature at average temperature.  Nutrient moisture content was characterized by pancakes produced at an average frying temperature.
        During the experiment it was proved that the freezing temperature affects the quality of the products. In the process of researches it was established that the mass fraction of fat in pancakes at manufacturing was 21,1% at low temperature.  Lower fat content was characterized by products frozen at elevated temperatures.
        The advantage is, by the indicator of the fat content of pancakes at freezing at low temperature compared with products frozen at a raised temperature of 0,9%.
        According to the results of the research, it was established that such indicators as: the mass fraction of the filling, the mass fraction of fat, the mass of one meat product, the temperature in the thickness of the half-finished product meets the requirements of state standards.

      Keywords: pancakes, duration, freezing, frying temperature, physical and chemical indices.

References

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Effective production of corn grain at the repeated growing and different systems of defence in left-bank of Forest-steppe of Ukraine

UDC 661.162:631.55:658.562:633.15(477.5)

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-9

 

D. Shatsman

 

       It was established that currently, along with preservation and rational use of natural resources, the problem of food security on a global scale, which is successfully solved with the use of intensive technologies in agricultural production, became topical.  Intensive technologies foresee the use of chemical plant protection products, as their impact on the efficiency of agricultural production is significant.  In conditions of climate change and with the use of intensive technologies of agricultural production, violation of crop rotation and unbalanced introduction of mineral fertilizers, levels of potential littering of the arable layer of soil by weeds and damage by pests and diseases have increased.
       It is determined that intensive agriculture with the progressive development of agrochemical industry has long been dominated by a chemical method of protecting crops using herbicides.  The list of recommended preparation contains a significant amount of them and is constantly updated.  Manufacturers offer a variety of preparations- by the active substances, terms of application, norms of use.  Therefore, it is important to determine the effective herbicides as a continuous and selective action that will provide the choice of the necessary preparation depending on the type of weeding in the early and late growing periods of corn, which can control the precipitation of its crops.  With the timely application of the premature and post-herbicide, it is possible to ensure the efficient production of corn grain.
       For the purpose of efficient production of corn grain, the value of herbicides as a continuous and selective action was established in order to ensure the use of the necessary preparations at the early and late stages of cultivating this crop.  It was determined that the use of pre-production herbicide does not guarantee complete protection of crops from weeds and reduces yields, yield of corn grain and its quality.  The efficiency of complex application of precipitate herbicides with additional spraying of corn crops by post-emergence herbicides is determined.  It is shown that re-introduction of post-herbicide herbicides is important for improving the effectiveness of chemical agents in the destruction of weed vegetation in corn crops.  According to the results of the study, it was found that the highest yield, the yield of maize grain and its quality for unchanged cultivation in the Left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine was obtained by applying the Hernes extraction herbicide and additional usage of Milagro post- emergence herbicide..

       Keywords: herbicide application, corn, permanent growing, impurity, productivity, yield of grain, quality of products, productivity.

References

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  10. Kierzek, R., Paradowski, A. & Kaczmarek, S. (2012). Chemical methods of weed control in maize (Zea mays L.) in variable weather conditions. Acta Sci. Pol., Agricultura. 11(4). 35–52. [In English].
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The productivity of winter rape depending on nitrogen nutrition and growth regulating fertilizers under climate change conditions

UDC 633.853.494;631.842.4

DOI: 10.31521/2313-092X/2019-1(101)-8

 

Ye. Domaratsky
V. Bazali
O. Domaratsky

 

 

        Global climate changes both in the world and in the regions of Ukraine determine the search for and the introduction into agricultural production of adaptive varieties and hybrids of field crops with simultaneous improvement of technologies of cultivation by means of inclusion into technological scheme of compulsory use of growth-regulating fertilizers. Under the severe weather and climatic conditions such substances can serve as a tool for mitigating the effects of stress from droughts, influence of high temperatures, low humidity and etc.This article presents the results of five-year field research, conducted under the climatic conditions of the Yelanets district of the Mykolaiv region on ordinary black low-humus soils.The goal of research was to determine the productivity of winter rape depending on Nitrogen Nutrition and Growth Regulating Fertilizers under Climate Change Conditions of Steppe Zone in Ukraine.In order to achieve the goal there was conducted the three-factor field research under the scheme: factor A – early spring treatment with Nitrogen Fertilizers (dose N60, N90) without feeding; Factor B –foliar nutrition of winter rape with the complex growth-regulating substance Helafit Combi® twice during the growing season and with Waxal®, in the control variant  the spraying of plants with pure water; factor C – the winter rape variety Black Giant and the Kronos hybrid.The research has proved that the productivity of the hybrid Kronos is higher than of the variety Black Giant by 0,49 t/ha or by 17%.The results of the field research indicated that the yields of winter rape reach the maximum values ​​after the early spring treatment with Nitrogen nutrition (dose N90) in combination with the two-fold foliar application of the growth- regulating substance Helafit Combi®. In the framework of the research the productivity of the Black Giant variety is 2,89 t/ha and of the  hybrid Kronos  is  3,38 t/ha of conditioned seeds. The increase in yield is 0,79 t/ha in the variety and 1,11 t/ha in the hybrid.

 

        Key words: climate, winter rape, yields, foliar application, growth-regulating substances, photosynthetic potential.

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