Tuning the complete electric drives with linear and non-linear compensating devices

UDC 681.5

D. Shareiko, I. Bilyuk, A. Fomenko, A. Kozachenko.

The regulators that are used in the modern complete electric drives have been analyzed. It has been found that the use of these regulators results in the necessity of their constant retuning when transferring between the operation modes. The problem can be solved by using adaptive regulators in the complete electric drive.
The structural scheme of the control system of the complete electric drive with the linear and nonlinear compensating device has been considered. The values of the control system and its characteristic equation have been defined. To calculate the values of the control system the Gurvits stability criterion was applied.  The dependence of the transmission coefficient of the open-loop control system on the transmission coefficient by the engine speed has been constructed.
The use of the nonlinear adaptive regulator in the structure of the modern compete electric drive has been considered.  The mathematical model for the synthesis of the nonlinear adaptive regulator has been constructed. The transient characteristics have been built to assess the values of the system with the linear and nonlinear compensation. The quality of the transient processes has been evaluated when both linear and nonlinear correction are used.
The dependence of error and speed component of the control system error on the feedback factor by speed has been constructed. The coefficients of the harmonic linearization of the nonlinearity have been defined for the analysis. In that case the parts of the sine curve that are cut out are used for the control with the opposite sign. The dependencies of the coefficient of the nonlinear regulator on different types of compensating devices have been constructed.
It has been shown that when nonlinear compensation only is used, it does not provide any significant advantage in comparison with the linear compensation. However, the combined use of both linear and nonlinear compensation allows reducing the sinusoidal and speed errors of the control system by two times. The value of the feedback by speed coefficient is defined under which   the sinusoidal and speed errors of the control system increase dramatically. The values of the coefficients of the regulator tuning are defined under which the best performance of the transient processed is achieved.
The expediency of using the adaptive regulator in the structure of the modern complete electric drive has been proved. It has been shown that the adaptive regulator significantly increases the control quality when the nonlinear features are present.

Key words: adaptive regulators, nonlinear control law, complete electric drive, dynamic compensation, values of the regulator.

 

D. Shareiko, I. Bilyuk, A. Fomenko, A. Kozachenko. Tuning the complete electric drives with linear and non-linear compensating devices.

References:

  1. Sharejko, D.Ju. Polipshennja dynamichnykh kharakterystyk komplektnykh elektropryvodiv [Tekst] /D.Ju.Sharejko, I.O. Shvedenenko // Perspektyvna tekhnika i tekhnologhiji / Materialy Kh Mizhnarodnoji naukovo-praktychnoji konferenciji molodykh uchenykh, aspirantiv i studentiv m. Mykolajiv, 22-24 veresnja 2014 roku – S. 24 – 32;
  2. Fomenko, A.M. Komplektni elektropryvody: U 3ch. Ch. 1: Analoghovi komplektni elektropryvody: Navchaljnyj posibnyk z ghryfom MONU. [Tekst] / Fomenko A.M., Sharejko D.Ju // – Mykolajiv: NUK, 2010. – 144 s.
  3. Fomenko, A.M. Komplektni elektropryvody: U 3ch. Ch. 2: Cyfrovi komplektni elektropryvody: Navchaljnyj posibnyk z ghryfom MONU. [Tekst] / Fomenko A.M., Sharejko D.Ju // – Mykolajiv: NUK, 2014. – 143 s.
  4. Krasnodubec, L. A. Prymenenye novukh adaptyvnukh reghuljatorov v systemakh stabylyzacyy skorosty dvyghatelej postojannogho toka [Tekst] / L. A. Krasnodubec // Vestnyk SevNTU. Avtomatyzacyja processov y upravlenye: sb. nauch. tr. – Sevastopolj, 2010. – Vup. 108 – S. 213-217.
  5. Sharejko, D.Ju. Adaptyvnyj reghuljator u strukturi suchasnogho komplektnogho elektropryvodu [Tekst] /D.Ju.Sharejko, I.O. Shvedenenko // Visnyk aghrarnoji nauky Prychernomor’ja – 2014. – Vyp. 1 (77). – S. 191 – 198.
  6. Belov, M.P. Avtomatyzyrovannuj эlektropryvod typovukh proyzvodstvennukh mekhanyzmov y tekhnologhycheskykh kompleksov [Tekst] / M.P. Belov ––M. : Akademyja, 2007. — 576 s.
  7. Popovych, M.Gh. Elektromekhanichni systemy avtomatychnogho keruvannja ta elektropryvody [Tekst] / M.Gh. Popovych, O.Ju. Lozynsjkyj, V.B. Klepikov – K.: Lybidj, 2005. – 680 s.
  8. Krasnodubec, L. A. Analytycheskoe konstruyrovanye adaptyvnukh reghuljatorov na osnove koncepcyj obratnukh zadach dynamyky y lokaljnoj optymyzacyy [Tekst] / L. A. Krasnodubec // Vestnyk SevNTU. Avtomatyzacyja processov y upravlenye: sb. nauch. tr. – Sevastopolj, 2010. – Vup. 108 — S. 5-9.
  9. Krzysztof Szabat and Teresa Orlowska-Kowalska. Adaptive control of the electrical drivers with the elastic coupling using Kalman filter. // Wroclaw University of Technology. Poland. 2009 – 372 pages.
  10. Khlupalo, E. Y. Nelynejnue korrektyrujushhye ustrojstva v avtomatycheskykh systemakh [Tekst] / E. Y. Khlupalo. – L. : Эnerghyja. Lenynghr. otd-nye, 1973. – 344 s

Д. Ю. Шарейко, И. С. Билюк, А. Н. Фоменко, А. В. Козаченко. Наладка комплектных электроприводов с линейным и нелинейным корректирующими устройствами.

Рассмотрена структурная схема системы управления комплектным электроприводом с линейным и нелинейным корректирующим устройством. Определены параметры системы управления и ее характеристическое уравнение. Рассмотрено применение нелинейного адаптивного регулятора в структуре современного комплектного электропривода. Составлена математическая модель для синтеза нелинейного адаптивного регулятора. Построенные переходные характеристики для оценки параметров системы с линейной и нелинейной коррекцией. Доказана целесообразность использования адаптивного регулятора в структуре современного комплектного электропривода.

Д. Ю. Шарейко, І. С. Білюк, А. М. Фоменко, А. В. Козаченко. Налагодження комплектних електроприводів з лінійним і нелінійним коригувальними пристроями.

Розглянуто структурну схему системи керування комплектним електроприводом з лінійним і нелінійним коригувальним пристроєм. Визначено параметри системи керування та її характеристичне рівняння. Розглянуто застосування нелінійного адаптивного регулятора у структурі сучасного комплектного електропривода. Складена математична модель для синтезу нелінійного адаптивного регулятора. Побудовано перехідні характеристики для оцінки параметрів системи з лінійною та нелінійною корекцією. Доведено доцільність використання адаптивного регулятора у структурі сучасного комплектного електропривода.

 

Situation of industrial offcuts of Mariupol city and their utilization

UDC 628.518:539.16

M. Fedyushko

State of industrial offcuts of city Mariupol and their utilization. The most tense areas from the point of view ecology and terms of dwelling of population are cities. It is related to the high concentration of sources of contamination of territory, them by high intensity, and also complex influence on all of the tools a surrounding environments. Urbonizovane environment is saturated industrial enterprises, transport vehicles, which influence on a natural landscape and man, determining sharpening of all of problems: resource-economic, naturally landscape, socially demographic. У Mariupol 56 industrial enterprises of different patterns of ownership operate. Industrial potential makes basis of economic complex of city. A city Mariupol makes 8% national gross product of Ukraine, having 1% from the habitants of country. After the volumes of products which is produced he occupies the first place in an area: his particle makes in volume – 32,8%.
In town two most metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine – VAT of «MMK work the name of Illicha», VAT of «MK Azovstal’» and one of most machine-building enterprises of country of VAT «Azovmash».
All of industrial offcuts are depending on their influence on soils, underground ground water, an atmosphere and health of man is divided into four classes of toxicness: extraordinarily dangerous, highly dangerous, moderato dangerous, little dangerous.
The concentration of enterprises of material-power complex and low technical level resulted in the considerable volumes of education and accumulation of offcuts. The analysis of the modern state of placing of offcuts testifies that a situation is extremely sharp.
A metallurgical production comes forward the main source of formation of offcuts. The offcuts of metallurgical production behave to low-toxic and have a fourth class of danger.
Situation in the sphere of handling offcuts in town with every year complicated. If before the most volumes of offcuts appeared on state enterprises-giants which were under hard control of the proper ecological, sanitary, public prosecutor’s and other corps, and on these enterprises plans and nature protection measures were annually developed and executed on the decline of offcuts, limiting was conducted, a situation changed for today.
A heavy ecological problem in town is created by the stores of liquid offcuts of production of, which appear as a result of cleaning of coke gas. In the first years of exploitation of coker these offcuts were warehoused on a dump, located in the back-water of the river of Kal’mius. Presently this territory is covered soil and regenerate in trash of domestic offcuts. Force-feed garbage resins ooze on a surface and drain in the river. The second store is located in a 14 km from a city in the district of settlement of Sartana. Evaporation of toxic matters in an atmosphere, filtration of them with water in soil and ground water convert this district into the area of enhanceable ecological danger. Possibilities of the biological defuzing of dump are presently studied.
The concentration of enterprises of material-power complex and low technical level resulted in the considerable volumes of education and accumulation of offcuts. The analysis of the modern state of placing of offcuts testifies that a situation is extremely sharp.

Keywords: offcuts, industry, utilization, ecological crisis, toxicness, dumps.

M. Fedyushko. Situation of industrial offcuts of Mariupol city and their utilization.

References:

M. П. Федюшко. Состояние промышленных отходов города Мариуполь и пути их утилизации.

Рассмотрены закономерности образования и утилизации промышленных отходов города Мариуполя. Установлен класс их безопасности в зависимости от токсичности. Приведены возможные пути решения экологической проблемы.

М.П. Федюшко. Стан промислових відходів міста Маріуполь та їх утилізація.

Розглянуто закономірності утворення та засоби утилізації промислових відходів міста Маріуполь. Установлено клас їх небезпечності залежно від токсичності. Наведено можливі шляхи вирішення екологічної проблеми.

Hierarchical computerized greenhouse crop control system

UDC 681.5.017

D. Koshkin

Introduction. Multiple interrelated parameters are controlled and managed in modern greenhouse process automation systems for getting a high crop at low energy consumption. This problem is usually solved by using an integrated control system that takes into account the impact of greenhouse microclimate on product output. The study of greenhouse control systems is usually divided into hierarchical levels by the time scale or by the performance criterion of subsystems.
The purpose of the study is to develop a structure of computerized crop control system of a greenhouse; to investigate the feasibility and advisability of the time scale decomposition of crop control systems and greenhouse mathematical models.
Main result. Significantly simplified mathematical model explains the contradiction of greenhouse crop control system. Thus, the growth of biomass increases with increasing temperature and light intensity, on the other hand, the heating and the lighting requires energy consumption.
Traditional greenhouse crop control systems are based on the knowledge and the experience of the grower. The grower is guided by the type of plants, their state and the stage of growth. He determines the greenhouse microclimate parameters that are set as objectives for climate control system.
The proposed computerized crop control system uses an intelligent control subsystem with a hierarchical structure. There are two levels in the crop control system: field level and intelligent control level. The mathematical model of a greenhouse microclimate with temperature and humidity control is used in intelligent crop control subsystem. The model is based on mass and energy conservation laws.
Time scale decomposition of crop control system generates two loops or hierarchical levels. The outer loop is a “slow” crop control subsystem, and the internal loop is a “fast” microclimate control subsystem. The outer loop solves the problem of optimal control in the days and weeks scale. It uses parameters of harvest state, weather forecast, prospective of the crop cost change. This calculation is made on a regular basis (depending on the plant type), such as once a week, or by the availability of the necessary information. Set points or trajectories, calculated in an outer loop of the system, are used in an internal loop with short-term weather forecast. They allow solving the “fast” subtask of controlling the greenhouse microclimate dynamics. This “fast” subtasks must be optimized only for the time interval\, during which an actuators change the greenhouse microclimate. This interval has an hour scale or even less than one in practice.
Conclusions: 1. The decomposition of a greenhouse crop control system into two subsystems, depending on the response time of the system, is proposed in order to solve the problem of the growing process optimization. The first “slow” subsystem deals with the crop growing, and the second “fast” – with the greenhouse microclimate. 2. The relationship of the upper and lower levels of the control system is proposed to produce the form of trajectories of the subsystem. Tracking of them provides an optimal greenhouse control process.

Key words: greenhouse, mathematical model, yield management

D. Koshkin. Hierarchical computerized greenhouse crop control system.

References:

 

Д. Л. Кошкин. Иерархическая компьютеризованная система управления урожайностью теплицы.

Предложена иерархическая двухуровневая компьютеризированная си-стема управления урожайностью теплицы с применением математической модели микроклимата при управлении температурой и влажностью воздуха. Исследованы преимущества способа декомпозиции системы управления по временному признаку.

Д.Л. Кошкін. Ієрархічна комп’ютеризована система керування врожайністю теплиці.

Запропоновано ієрархічну дворівневу комп’ютеризовану систему керування врожайністю теплиці з використанням математичної моделі мікроклімату при керуванні температурою і вологістю повітря. Досліджено переваги способу декомпозиції системи керування за часовою ознакою.

 

Order of dependent admittance calculation

UDC 681.322

P. Polyanskiy, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate professor
Mykolayiv National Agrarian University

First of all quality and capacity of composed units and mechanisms depend on exactness of geometrical parameters that influences their durability, therefore all component elements of machines can be divided by the categories of fitness at independent and dependent admittances into two groups: suitable and useless details, the methodology of dependent admittance calculation is expounded. The calculation formulas are given for definition constructive factor relative accuracy of the details (product) is calculated and a rate of technological precision machining parts on a surface. The patterns of dependent admittance calculations and determination of suitable possible part imperfect details are set out.

Key words: Dependent admittance, suitable details, final defect, correctional defect.

P. Polyanskiy. Order of dependent admittance calculation.

References:
1. Vzajemozaminnistj, standartyzacija i tekhnichni vymirjuvannja. Navchaljno-metodychnyj kompleks : navch. posib. dlja stud. vyshh. navch. zakl. osvity / [Gh. O. Ivanov, V. S. Shebanin, D. V. Babenko ta in.; za red. Gh. O. Ivanova, V. S. Shebanina i I. M. Bendery]. – Mykolajiv : 2014. – 576 s.
2. Vzajemozaminnistj ta tekhnichni vymiry: navch. posib. dlja vyshh. navch. zakl. osvity / Gh. O. Ivanov, D. V. Babenko, S. I. Pastushenko, O. V. Gholjdshmidt. – K. : Aghrarna osvita, 2006. – 335 s.
3. Vzaєmozamіnnіst, standartizacіya ta texnіchnі vimіryuvannya : pіdr. dlya vishh. navch. zakl. osvіti / G. O. Іvanov, V. S. Shebanіn, D. V. Babenko, S. І. Pastushenko; za red. G. O. Іvanova і V. S. Shebanіna – K. : Vidavnictvo „Agrarna osvіta”, 2010. – 503 s.
4. Praktykum z dyscypliny “Vzajemozaminnistj, standartyzacija ta tekhnichni vymirjuvannja: navch. posib. dlja stud. vyshh. navch. zakl. osvity / [Gh. O. Ivanov, V. S. Shebanin, D. V. Babenko ta in.; za red. Gh. O. Ivanova i V. S. Shebanina.]. – K. : Aghrarna osvita, 2008. – 648 s.

П. М. Полянський. Порядок розрахунку залежного допуску.

Якість і працездатність складанних одиниць і механізмів в першу чергу залежить від точності геометричних параметрів, що впливає на довговічність, тому всі складові елементи машин можна поділити за категоріям придатності при незалежних і залежних допусках на дві групи: придатні і непридатні деталі.
Викладено методику розрахунку залежного допуску. Наведено розрахункові формули для визначення конструктивного коефіцієнта відносної точності деталі, коефіцієнт технологічної точності обробки деталей за розташуванням поверхонь. Дано приклади розрахунків залежного допуску, визначення можливої частки придатних і дефектних деталей.

П. Н. Полянский. Порядок расчета зависимого допуска.

Качество и работоспособность соединительных единиц и механизмов в первую очередь завися от точности геометрических параметров, влияющих на долговечность, поэтому все составляющие элементы машин можно разделить по категориям годности при независимых и зависимых допусках на две группы: пригодные и непригодные детали.
Изложена методика расчета зависимого допуска. Приведены расчетные формулы для определения конструктивного коэффициента относительной точности детали, коэффициент технологической точности обработки деталей по расположению поверхностей. Даны примеры расчетов зависимого допуска, определения возможной доли пригодных и дефектных деталей.

Investigation of the Technical Condition of Buildings and Constructions of Ukrainian Agro Industrial Complex

UDC 624.014.72

V. Shebanin, V. Bogza

The article presents the results of a survey of technical condition of constructions and structures of Agro Industrial Complex of Ukraine, which are operated under different conditions, taking into account the complex influences among which there are technological, climatic and operational features.

Keywords: load bearing capacity, technical condition, load-bearing structures, collapse.

V. Bogza, V. Shebanin. Investigation of the Technical Condition of Buildings and Constructions of Ukrainian Agro Industrial Complex.

References:

В. С. Шебанин, В. Г. Богза. Обследование технического состояния зданий и сооружений агропромышленного комплекса Украины.

В статье представлены результаты обследования технического состояния строительных конструкций зданий и сооружений агропроммышленного комплекса Украины, которые эксплуатируются в разных условиях с учетом сложных влияний – технологических, климатических и эксплуатационных.

В.С. Шебанін, В.Г. Богза. Обстеження технічного стану будівель та споруд агропромислового комплексу.

У статті представлено результати обстеження технічного стану будівельних конструкцій будівель та споруд агропромислового комплексу України, що експлуатуються у різних умовах, з урахуванням зазначених складних впливів – технологічних, кліматичних та експлуатаційних.

Dynamics of egg production of quail-layers using nanosilver

UDC 598.261.7:636.082.46

V. Groza

Today quail farming has an important place in the sphere of Ukrainian aviculture guails are bred for receiving eggs and meat which are dietary and healthy products demanded among society.
The question of increasing of natural resistance and productivity of agricultural poultry via direct influence with biologically active materials on the metabolic processes in different phases of ontogenesis is getting more topical. At the same time one should pay a considerable attention on the search of preparations for alternative antibiotics in order to increase the safety of the production. Thus the use of preparations based on nanosilver in producing conditions of poultry factories is a prospective direction of researches.
Silver is one of the most universal antibacterial agents which has a main advantage – it doesn’t cause a side action. While most of antibiotics have bactericidal activity concerning just limited number of microbes, silver by its characteristics has much greater effect on the most of microorganisms.
On the basis of the above-mentioned the task of the research is the analysis of the dynamics of the egg productivity of quails using nanosilver preparation “Argenvit”.
Thus to determine the influence of the preparation “Argenvit” on the dynamics of the egg productivity of quails four groups of poultry with 30 heads in each were formed. The quails were kept in hand-madecoop  batteries  on  the  middle  tier.  The microclimate parameters and  nutrient budgets were the same for all of the groups. The poultry was watered the preparation “Argenvit” of a different concentration (0,01%, 0,02%, 0,03%) within 30 days.
To analyze the dynamics of the egg productivity of quails the calculation of the number of the livestock and the dynamics of the egg productivity within 5 months was made. The estimation of the egg productivity was made using the group method.
It was stated that tested quails entered the productivity phase actively. They are characterized by capability of more flowing increase of the egg productivity comparing to the ones from the control group. The highest level of the egg productivity was shown up in the fifth month of the productivity phase. The intensity of the egg productivity in the tested groups was 66,40-70,50%, in the controlled one – 67,37%.
The use of nanosilver preparation with the concentration of 0,02% gives the best results according to the main indexes of the egg productivity, increasing the productivity of a primary quail to 3,47-4,60 eggs, of the average one – to 4,90-8,81, and the general mass of the egg to 2867,99-4971,08 grams.

Key words: quail, egg production, nanosilver.

V. Groza. Dynamics of egg production of quail-layers using nanosilver.

References:

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  4. Zynyna E. K. Mestnaya zashchyta slyzystykh obolochek y sostoyanyya rezystentnosty u kur posle prymenenyya serebrosoderzhashcheho preparata «Silvecoll» : avtoref. dys. na soysk. uchen. step. kand. veterynarnыkh nauk : spets. 06.02.01 «Dyahnostyka bolezney y terapyya zhyvotnykh, patolohyya, onkolohyya y morfolohyya zhyvotnykh» / E. K. Zynyna. – Saransk, 2013. – 17 s.
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    M. V. Kamins’ka, Yu. V. Kulay, N. I. Tsepko ta in. – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.inenbiol.com/ntb/ntb4/pdf/5/1.pdf.
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    L. I. Parkhomenko ta in. – Rezhym dostupu : http://www.inenbiol.com/ntb/ntb7/5.pdf.
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В. И. Гроза. Динамика яичной продуктивности перепелок-несушек при использовании наносеребра.

Исследована динамика яичной продуктивности перепелок-несушек за 5 месяцев продуктивного периода при использовании препарата “Аргенвит” разной концентрации. Установлено, что использование препарата наносеребра в концентрации 0,02% способствует повышению яйценоскости на начальную несушку на 3,47-4,60 шт. яиц, яйценоскость на среднюю несушку – на 4,90-8,81 шт. яиц, общую яйцемассу – на 2867,99-4971,08 г.

В.І. Гроза. Динаміка яєчної продуктивності перепілок-несучок при використанні наносрібла.

Досліджено динаміку яєчної продуктивності перепілок-несучок за 5 місяців продуктивного періоду при використанні препарату “Аргенвіт” різної концентрації. Встановлено, що застосування препарату наносрібла в концентрації 0,02% дає найкращі результати, підвищуючи несучість на початкову несучку на 3,47-4,60 шт. яєць, несучість на середню несучку – на 4,90-8,81 шт. яєць, загальну яйцемасу – на 2867,99-4971,08 г.

Economical efficiency of using Dutch cows of different body composition types

UDC 636.22.28.061.003.13

О. Chernenko

The aim of our research is the evaluation and selection of Dutch cows’ desirable type of body composition, with high milk yield, good reproductive capacity and high economic efficiency of their usage. Experimental animals have been the 50 daughters of Dutch bull-inseminator Cashmere Et 13167177 of line Reflection Sovering 198998. The place of research is “Agro-Soiuz”, Dnipropetrovsk region. It has been discovered that cows of high- and middle-capacity body composition gave greater average increase of primary production per one animal for the second lactation compared to low-capacity body composition peers respectively: 6697,5 and 5054,9 UAH. Among the cows of high-capacity body composition because of the elongated between-calving period, milk loss per animal per second lactation were greater compared to low-capacity peers on 227,0 kg. The best ones, according to the combination of milk yield level and the duration of between-calving period were Dutch cows with middle-capacity body composition among which the milk loss by the reason of elongated between-calving period have not been found.
The average level of production profitability of 1 centner of milk at the enterprise. The mean operating time of of Holstein cows is in the household is 2,3 lactation. It have been spent 22 thousand UAH on rising one cow from birth to first calving. Calculatingly, per lactation, this value is 9565 UAH. According to the data, the cost of production of 1 kg of milk for 2014 is 3,10 UAH. The cost of total volume of milk produced during 305 days of second lactation was higher at more productive animals, in comparison with high- and mid-capacity body composition types. As the result, the common costs for milk production was more from them respectively: 4526 and 3407 UAH, compared to their peers low-capacity body composition, and the price cost of 1 kg of milk, respectively: 3,90; and 3,93 4,01 UAH. This index in 2014 was 29.6 %. According to our economic efficiency calculations, it was found that the best were Dutch cows of high-capacity body composition. Calculations for one Dutch cow of this type per 305 days of the second lactation, the net profit is 15922 UAH when the level of profitability is 34.2 %, respectively against: 12653 UAH and 30.1% of peers with low-capacity body composition. From each cow of mid-capacity body composition, it was received 15313 UAH net profit at the level of profitability 33.7 %, respectively against: 12653 UAH and 30.1% of peers with low-capacity body composition. These indexes testify about the feasibility of conducting the selection of Dutch cows according to the type of body composition by the method developed by us, which will increase the profit of the dairy cattle breeding.

Key words: body composition, economical efficiency, high-capacity cows.

О. Chernenko. Economical efficiency of using Dutch cows of different body composition types.

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А. Н. Черненко. Экономическая эффективность использования коров голштинской породы разных типов конституции.

Представлены результаты оценки экономической эффективности использования коров голштинской породы в зависимости от типа конституции, установленного по разработанному методу, который основывается на определении объемно-весового коэффициента (ОВК), с учетом площади поперечного сечения груди за лопатками и на уровне последнего ребра, длины грудного отдела и живой массы. Установлено, что уровень рентабельности производства молока коров крупно- и среднеобьёмного типа выше, чем представительниц малообъёмного типа конституции соответственно на: 4,1 и 3,6 %.

О.М. Черненко. Економічна ефективність використання корів голштинської породи різних типів конституції.

Представлено результати оцінки економічної ефективності використання корів голштинської породи залежно від типу конституції, визначеного за розробленим методом, який ґрунтується на розрахунку об’ємно-вагового коефіцієнту (ОВК), з урахуванням площі поперечного перетину грудей за лопатками і на рівні останнього ребра, довжини грудного відділу та живої маси. Визначено, що рівень рентабельності виробництва молока корів велико- і середньооб’ємного типу вища, ніж представниць малооб’ємного типу конституції відповідно на 4,1 та 3,6%.

 

Comparative characteristics of the reproductive ability of boars-sires of different genotypes.

UDC 636.4.033.082.31.4

V. Melnik, E. Kravchenko, E. Kogut

The study of reproductive ability, quantitative and qualitative indicators of sperm of male pigs-manufacturers is very important. It is known that the quality of sperm and sexual activity depends on how boars will be realized the potential reproductive capacity of the sow. Therefore, development of assessment of reproductive ability of breeding boars important for the process, and for breeding.
When used in artificial insemination of sows farm several times increased the effect of breeding boars on the performance of the herd, so it is especially increased demand for their selection for breeding.
The results of the study were to investigate the quantitative and qualitative indicators of sperm of male pigs of Large White breed, Red white belt, Duroc, Landrace, Pietrain and cantor.
In terms of volume of ejaculate were the best Landrace boars (386.5 ml), they are dominated by large white breed of 6.4 ml, Red white belt 40.3 mL, Duroc 95.4 mL, Pietrain 66 0 ml, cantor 34.2 ml.
Concentration of sperm in the ejaculate, note the preference of boars of Duroc, who had sperm concentration 244,2 million/Ml, compared with Large White boars – advantage was 17.4%, above the Red white belt – 12.2%, Landrace – 15.2%, Pietrain – 24.5%, cantor – 18.9%.
Activity spermatozoa was determined by a 10-point scale, all boars were of high estimate, but large white breed boars sperm activity was high and was 9.9 points.
When evaluating boars survival of sperm outside the body of the high values of boars of large white breed – 7.5 hr., And exceeds the Duroc boars 9.9%, boars on Red white belt – 24%, Landrace boar – 17.3 % (P> 0.999), Pietrain at – 18.7%, cantor at – 21.4%.
Sample of sows in estrus carried out daily using a boar-probe, as well as visually by clinical signs and behavior of the sow.
The detection of oestrus in sows is labeled and conducted artificial insemination disposable catheters in 100 ml of semen doses twice: the first time – in the morning and the second – after 24 hours.
Fertilizing capacity of sperm of male pigs was determined after artificial insemination of sows non-factional way. According to data fertilizing capacity was higher in male pigs of large white breed – 88.1% and exceeded the Duroc boars, Pietrain and cantor, who had value for this indicator – 86%, 85.7%, 86.8%.

Key words: boars-sires, productivity sperm, ejaculate volume, sperm survival, reproductive ability.

V. Melnik, E. Kravchenko, E. Kogut. Comparative characteristics of the reproductive ability of boars-sires of different genotypes.

References:

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В. А. Мельник, Е. А. Кравченко, Е. С. Когут. Сравнительная характеристика воспроизводительных способностей хряков-производителей разных генотипов.

В статье приведены результаты исследования воспроизводительной способности, количественных и качественных показателей спермопродукции хряков-производителей различных генотипов. Установлено, что хряки крупной белой породы по сравнению с хряками других пород, преобладали в большинстве показателей спермопродукции – по объему эякулята, равный 380 мл, подвижностью, которая составляла 9,9 баллов, выживаемость спермы, которая была 7,5 ч. и оплодотворяющей способностью – 88,1%.

В. О. Мельник, О. О. Кравченко, О. С. Когут. Порівняльна характеристика відтворювальної здатності кнурів-плідників різних генотипів

У статті наведено результати дослідження відтворювальної здатності, кількісних та якісних показників спермопродукції кнурів-плідників різних генотипів. Встановлено, що кнури великої білої породи порівняно з кнурами інших порід, переважали в більшості показників спермопродукції – за об’ємом еякуляту, який дорівнював 380 мл, рухливістю, яка становила 9,9 балів, виживаємістю сперми, яка була 7,5 год. та  запліднювальною здатністю – 88,1%.

Growth indicators of different combinations of young pigs of Large White breed in the Hungarian selection in postadoption period

UDC 636.43

A. Kislinskya, H. Kalinichenko

The figures of body weight and daily average weight gains of swine youngsters acquired after combination of large white sows of Hungarian selection with large white hogs of English selection and also Duroc, landrace and Piétrain are presented.
Mixed bred young stock acquired after cross breeding of large white sows of Hungarian selection and landrace and Piétrain hogs is notable for high figures of body weight in all age periods comparing to the analogues of I, II and III experimental groups. In such a way the body weight difference at the age of 1 month between animals of combination ♀ WL (HS) х ♂ Piétrain (VI experimental group) and purebred large white young stock of Hungarian selection equaled 0,67 kg (Р> 0,95). With each age period this difference tended to widen and equaled 10, 35 kg at the age of 6 months (Р> 0,999). Mixed bred young stock of IV experimental group of combination ♀ WL (HS) х ♂ Duroc is characterized by high growing capacity in the period of 2…6 months, albeit was notable for low body weight at the age of 1 month comparing to all the genotypes that had been investigated.
Young stock of II experimental group was inferior to the animals of the control group throughout the investigation. At the age of 6 months this difference equaled 1,38 kg (Р> 0,999). In all the other periods it was unreliable.
Similar tendency was established according to absolute, average daily and relative growth. The least figure of average daily growth in the age period of 1-2 months was shown by young stock combination ♀ LW (HS) х ♂ landrace – 380,0 g, which is 3,3 g less (Р> 0,999)  than analogical figures of  the control group animals. But in all the onward periods young stock of that combination exceeded analogues of the control group by 14,0 g, 3,4 g, 63,5 g and 6,7 g (Р> 0,999)  respectively.  In the age period of 2-3 months the animals of combination ♀ LW (HS) х ♂ LW (ES) and ♀ LW (HS х ♂ RS – 350,0 g were characterized by the least daily average growth that was 12,7 g (Р> 0,999) or 3,5 % less than their control group analogues’. In the age period of 3-4 months the control group animals (purebred large white young stock of Hungarian selection) were characterized by the least figures of daily average growth 633,3 g.
It is established that animals of combination of large white sows of Hungarian selection and Duroc and Piétrain  hogs were characterized by the highest figures of body weight and daily average growth in the age period of 1…6 months.

Key words: mixed bred, daily average growth, combination, body weight, control group.

A. Kislisnskaya, H. Kalinichenko. Growth indicators of different combinations of young pigs of Large White breed in the Hungarian selection in postadoption period.

References:

  1. Ivanov V. O. Adaptatsiini vlastyvosti svynei suchasnykh henotypiv v umovakh promyslovykh kompleksiv / V. O. Ivanov, O. P. Nesterenko, T. V. Kreminska // Tavriiskyi naukovyi visnyk : nauk. zhurnal. — Kherson : Hryn D. S., 2012. — Vyp. 78. — Ch. 2 (I). — C. 69—72.
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  3. Topikha V. S. Adaptatsiini osoblyvosti svynei riznykh porid v umovakh VAT Plemzavod «Stepnoi» Zaporizkoi oblasti / V. S. Topikha, I. V. Konovalov // Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky Prychornomoria. — Mykolaiv : MDAU, 2009. — Vyp. 4 (51). — S. 203—207.

А. И. Кислинская, Г. И. Калиниченко. Особенности роста различных сочетаний молодняка свиней крупной белой породы венгерской селекции в постадаптационный период.

Представлены показатели живой массы и среднесуточных приростов молодняка свиней, полученного от сочетания свиноматок крупной белой породы венгерской селекции с хряками крупной белой породы английской селекции, красной белопоясой породы, а также пород дюрок, ландрас и пьетрен. Установлено, что наиболее высокими показателями живой массы и среднесуточных приростов в период 1…6 месяцев отличались сочетания свиноматок крупной белой породы венгерской селекции с хряками пород дюрок и пьетрен.

A. І. Кислинська, Г. І. Калиниченко. Особливості росту різних поєднань молодняку свиней великої білої породи угорської селекції у постадаптаційний період.

Представлено показники живої маси і середньодобових приростів молодняку свиней, отриманого від поєднання свиноматок великої білої породи угорської селекції з кнурами великої білої породи англійської селекції, червоної білопоясої породи, а також порід дюрок, ландрас і  п’єтрен. Встановлено, що найбільш високими показниками живої маси і середньодобових приростів в період 1…6 місяців відрізнялися тварини поєднання свиноматок великої білої породи угорської селекції з кнурами порід дюрок та п’єтрен.

Assessment of the genetic structure of different families of Duroc pigs at loci of microsatellites

UDC 636.082

S. Lugovoy, S. Kish.

To avoid future problems in agriculture and food industry, there is a clear need for significant efforts to conserve genetic resources. Development of effective mechanism for achieving this goal requires systematic monitoring of genetic processes in populations. In pig breeding as a tool for assessing biodiversity commercial, local and rare breeds are often use microsatellite polymorphism loci. In Ukraine is now are breeding 11 domestic and foreign breeds of pigs. In particular, created a new interbreed type of Ukrainian selection “Stepoviy”.
The aim of the research was to establish the genetic characteristics of various families of Duroc pigs on microsatellite DNA polymorphism loci. For the study we used data from the genetic polymorphism of 12 loci microsatellites of seven families of pigs Duroc, which are bred in a breeding plant PJSC “Pedigree farm “Stepoviy” Zaporozhye region. In the context of families, the number of animals was: Rosynka – 16 animals, Liliya – 7 animals, Muzyla – 11 animals, Romashka – 14 animals, Avgusta – 12 animals, Vishnya – 8 animals, Gastela – 4 animals. The material for DNA extraction were tissue samples (ear notching) of pigs. Preservative were performed as 96% ethanol. Laboratory studies were performed at the Center of biotechnology and molecular diagnostics of the All-Russian Research Institute of animal breeding of the RAAS.
It is established that different families of Duroc pigs are characterized by some specific features of the genetic profiles of genetic loci microsatellite DNA profiles. Evidence of this is the presence of private alleles, as well as differing degrees of heterozygosity. The most genetically differentiated among themselves have families of Gastelas and Liliyas, and most similar – Romashkas and Rosynkas. Peculiarities of the allelic profiles of each of the families can be the basis for the definition of marker alleles that could be used in further in-depth breeding, and genetic identification and confirmation of animal origin.

Key words: pig breeding, breeding, breeding records, information systems.

S. Lugovoi, S. Kish. Assessment of the genetic structure of different families of Duroc pigs at loci of microsatellites.

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С. И. Луговой, С. В. Киш. Оценка генетической структуры различных семейств свиней породы дюрок по локусам микросателлитов ДНК.

В статье приведены результаты оценки генетической структуры различных семейств свиней породы дюрок на основе полиморфизма локусов микросателлитов ДНК. Установлено, что разные семейства характеризуются определенной специфичностью аллельных профилей, которая может быть использована при дальнейшей углубленной племенной работе, а также для генетической идентификации и подтверждения происхождения животных.

С. І. Луговий, С. В. Кіш. Оцінка генетичної структури різних родин свиней породи дюрок за локусами мікросателітів ДНК.

У статті наведено результати оцінки генетичної структури різних родин свиней породи дюрок на основі поліморфізму локусів мікросателітів ДНК. Встановлено, що різні родини характеризуються певною специфічністю алельних профілів, яка може бути використана при подальшій поглибленій племінній роботі, а також для генетичної ідентифікації та підтвердження походження тварин.