Medvid V. Entomofauna of winter wheat in the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

UDC 632.7:633.11

 

Medvid V.

 

Within three years of winter wheat vegetation (2017-2019), species composition of entomofauna during the spring and summer crop development in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine was determined. During the growing season, every 7-19 days, mowing was carried out with an entomological net. The collection of insects was determined under laboratory conditions. Entomological traps were also used to catch insects.
In wheat agrocenoses, the presence of phytophages, migrant species and entomophages of harmful insects of the crop was noted. 32 species from 17 families were identified among phytophages. Harmful insect species were included in 7 orders of insects. 6 species were classified as migrants.
The study of the frequency of occurrence of species by years showed that vegetation conditions affected the distribution of species during the spring and summer growing season. In 2017, thrips (85%) and aphids (50%) were most often isolated in samples. Swedish flies and Lygus pratensis L. had a high percentage of occurrence (40%). In 2018, aphids were common (64%), thrips came in second (54%). A total of 30 species were identified – the maximum number for a running period of 3 years. In 2019, only one species turned out to be massive – Eurygaster integriceps Put. with a frequency of occurrence of 51%. Thrips and aphids with one dominant species had a significant frequency of occurrence as in previous years. Among cereal flies, Swedish flies dominated with a frequency of occurrence of 45%. In the winter wheat entomofauna during the spring and summer growing season, three species turned out to be the most common over the three years of research: Sitobion avenae F., Haplothrips tritici Kurd. and E. integriceps.
The identified entomophages of the wheat field related to 6 orders of insects. Most of their species belonged to beetles. The most numerous were representatives of the families Melyridae, Coccinellidae and subfamily Aphidiinae. For the first time in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine the high frequency of occurrence of the species Malachius bipustulatus L. and Charopus concolor Fab was noted on wheat.
In the entomofauna of the agrocenosis of winter wheat during the spring and summer growing season of 2017–2019, 46 species belonging to 8 orders of insects were identified. The greatest species diversity was in the order Coleoptera  – 18 species. The second place (17.4%) in the structure of the entomocomplex was taken by the order Hemiptera, which was represented by 8 species from 4 families. 6 species were included in the order Diptera (13.1%). The share of Homoptera in the entomofauna was 10.9% (5 species). Three species were isolated from the orders of Thysanoptera and Hymenoptera, and two species were isolated from the order Orthoptera. Only one species was represented in the order Neuroptera.

Keywords: entomofauna, species composition, winter wheat, phytophages, entomophages.

 

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