UDC  658.512:620.2:636.085

 

Kostetska K.

Ulianych I.

Zheliezna V.

Holubiev M.

 

The aim of the article was to expand the range of animal feed. The article presents data on the improvement of the technology of developed feed mixtures from grain and a number of components of fruits and vegetables.

Work was carried out in the laboratories of the Department of Technology of Storage and Processing of Grain and the Department of Biology of Uman National University of Horticulture as well as the Department of Storage and Processing of Grain of National University of Food Technologies.

The technology of extruded feed mixture production has been improved. The technology consists in preliminary preparation of raw materials: cleaned, crushed, its dosage according to the composition, mixing and special processing to improve technological properties and increase feed value with processes: premixing, aging and extrusion of the mixture, cooling and grinding depending on feed purpose.

The production methods of feed additives are different and depend on the enterprises that produce and on the physical and technological properties of raw materials. It has been proven that in feed mills, extruded feed mixtures can be introduced using a meal line if they come to the plant from other producers, and an extrusion line if it is provided at the plant.

The technology of feed additives with the use of fruit and vegetable raw materials has been improved: table beets, carrots, parsnips, potatoes. Engineering in the technology of production of feed additives is the preliminary preparation of cereals and vegetables: cleaning, grinding, dosing, mixing, aging and extrusion of mixtures according to the composition of the recipe, cooling and grinding of the extrudate.

A method for introducing vegetable raw materials into compound feeds has been developed, which includes cleaning vegetable raw materials in washing machines, extracting juice with simultaneous grinding, mixing 5-10% of pomace with grain and wet-heat treatment of the mixture by extrusion.

Keywords: grain, fruit and vegetable raw materials, feed additives, extrusion technology, engineering.

References:

1. Kucher, M. І. (2003). Production of compound feeds at the enterprises of SJSC “Bread of Ukraine”: state, problems, prospects. Effective poultry and livestock, 2, 5-7. (Ukrainian).
2. Durst, L., Vittman, M. (2003). Feeding farm animals: Translated from German, edited by I. I. Ibatulin, G. V. Provatorov. Vinnytsia: Nova Knyha, 384 р. (Russian).
3. Ibragimov, А. (2003). Flavoring and aromatic additives in animal feed. Compound feed, 5, 63 р. (Russian).
4. Ulyanych, І. F., Kostetska, V., Holubiev, М. І. (2017). Development of compound feed recipes. Collected Works of Uman NUH, 91, 121-129. (Ukrainian).
5. Kostetska, V., Ulyanych, І. F., Holubiev, М. І. (2018). Chemical composition of the extruded product of a mixture of corn grain, barley with fruit and vegetable components. Collected Works of Uman NUH, 92, 109-119. (Ukrainian).
6. Yegorov, B., Tarahtii, А., Kuznyetsov, N., Tyschenko, Ya.(1999). Production of compound feed and premixes in Ukraine. Compound feed, 2, 10-1 (Russian).
7. Kostetska, V. (2018). The optimal diameter of the hole of the die of the extruder during the production of extruded feed mixtures: materials of the international scientific-practical conference “Innovative technologies in crop production: problems and their solutions”. Zhytomyr, 301-304. (Ukrainian).
8. Osokina, N. M., Kostetska, V. (2016). Physical and mechanical properties and quality indicator of barley. Bulletin of Uman NUH, 2, 48-51.
9. Martynenko, Ya. F. (1975). Industrial production of compound feed. М.: Кolos, 216 p. (Russian).
10. Rules for organizing and maintaining the technological process of production of mixed feed products. К., 1990. 20 p. (Ukrainian).
11. Shapovalenko, O. I. Yevtushenko, O. O., Ulyanich, I. F. (2012). Grain extrusion with the addition of vegetable feed components. Grain storage and processing, 11, 62-64. (Russian).