Shaping to productivities and quality varieties millet depending on sowing dates and background of fertilizer in condition of South of Ukraine.

UDC 633.171:631.51

V. Gamajunova,
V. Shevel

On the NPA lands “Zemlerobetc” Zhovtnevy district Nikolaevskaya region a research work was conducted to determine the peculiarities of the yield shaping and quality of millet grain which depend on elements of growing technologies in the conditions of the southern Steppe of Ukraine.
Relief of the field is flat. Topsoil of the experimental plot is represented by the southern black soil. The climate is continental, which is characterized by speedy and frequent fluctuations of annual and monthly air temperatures, large amounts of heat and aridity. The area of sowing plot is 75 м2, the registration area is 50 м2, repeated four times. Agrotechnics in the experiment was generally accepted for the southern Steppe of Ukraine. Predecessor was wheat winter.
Three-factor field research is conducted by the following scheme: factor A are varieties: Konstantynivskoe, Vostochnoe, Tavriyskoe; factor B is a sowing period: early one is the third decade of April – the first decade of May, after sustained warming of the soil to a depth of 10 cm to 10-12° C; middle (or recommended) period – the I – II decades of May, after sustained warming of the soil to a depth of 10 cm to 12-14° C; late period – II-III decades of May, after sustained warming of the soil to a depth of 10 cm to 14-16° C; factor C is nourishment status: no fertilizer (control), N40P30, estimated dose of fertilizer for a yield is 4 t/ha.
It is noted that the biggest amount of millet harvest was formed in 2010. The variety of millet Tavriyskoe turned out to be the most flexible and stable in cultivation and in the ability to form high yields which is 3.6 t/hа that is for 0.59-0.95 t/hа or 20-36% more in comparison to varieties Konstantinovskoe and Vostochnoe (on average for 2008-2010).
At the first term during the sowing period the variety Tavriyskoe gave the maximum harvest yield (4.59 t/hа) on the calculated dose of mineral fertilizers. In the III decade of April – I decade of May sowing millet, on the calculated dose of mineral fertilizers, allow obtaining maximum protein (0.525-0.795 t/hа), high protein content in a grain, low husk content, maximum grain-unite scale and output grain. The largest amount of protein was collected during growing the variety Tavriyskoe – 0.471 t/hа (on average sowing period and fertilizer backgrounds).

Key words: millet, fertilizers, sowing date, variety, yield, quality.

Shaping to productivities and quality varieties millet depending on sowing dates and background of fertilizer in condition of South of Ukraine.

Issue 3(91), 2016