I.Yanchenko, PRODUCTIVITY OF MONARD VARIETES MONARDA DIDYMA L. UNDER TERMS OF GROWTH IN THE SOUTHERN STEP OF UKRAINE

UDC 633.8(477)

I.Yanchenko

As a result of the data obtained from their mathematical processing and analysis, it is evident that during the second year of vegetation, Slava and Serpanok varieties form an aboveground vegetative mass that 2-3 times higher, than in other years of cultivation. That is not typical for Snizhana variety where there was observed a gradual accumulation of aboveground vegetative mass for years.Generative organs in connection with the biological peculiarities of culture start their forming during the second year of vegetation, and form from 20,0 g to 57,4 g (dry generative mass) and from 10,6 g to 18,0 g in the third year of cultivation. Data vary considerably as in varieties, so in the years of cultivation the best recommended was Snizhana variety in both years of cultivation. The difference in the years of cultivation was probably influenced by climatic conditions.In the conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine it is possible to receive the raw materials of Monarda Didyma L., and then it is possible to extract the valuable essential oil with a unique chemical composition. The yield of essential oil per unit area of cultivation is determined by the productivity of the variety, the concentration of oil in separate organs and the structure of the plant raw material used for the extraction of essential oils. The Slava variety has significantly difference from the varieties Snizhana and Serpanok, it has a significantly higher essential oil productivity, which allowed to obtain almost 2.5 times highest yield of essential oil per unit area of cultivation.

Key words: essential oil plants, Monarda Didyma L., productivity, essential oil, adaptability.

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