Getting elite potatoes on the basis of improvement in the conditions of irrigation of the South of Ukraine.

UDC 631.03:635.21:631.6(833)

Y.O. Lavrynenko – Doctor of Agrarian sciences, professor
G.S. Balashova –  Candidate of Agrarian sciences
I.P. Bugaeva – Candidate of Agrarian sciences
Irrigated Farming Research Institute, Kherson, National Academy of
Agrarian Science, Ukraine

The aim of article is to determine the most productive potato varieties of different ripeness groups to be harvested in early period, when biologically mature as well as for planting freshly harvested tubers in summer under the South Ukraine climate conditions.
Methods. The research has been based on the integrated use of field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical, computationally-comparative methods and systems analysis in order to determine the most effective technological methods for growing improved source material in the primary seed production process. The object of the research was potato varieties of different maturity groups.
Results. The greatest productivity under the conditions of irrigated Southern steppe has been shown by the varieties with more intense accumulation of tubers in the first period of their formation, such tubers being of high quality and good for two-harvesting. This group includes such early-season varieties as Kobza, Tiras, Dnipryanka, Skarbnitsa, middle-early varieties Nevska, Svitanok kievsky, Levada, mid-ripening varieties Yavir and Slovyanka. If harvested early, these varieties yield 23.1 – 36.8 t/ha, their marketable surplus amounting to 93.4 – 98.0%. The largest number of tubers from each bush has been yielded by such varieties as Podolyanka (15.4 tubers), Slovyanka (11.3 tubers), Tiras, Dnipryanka and Nevska – 9.6, 9.4, 9.5 tubers, respectively. Marketable tubers weighing more than 100 g have been yielded by such varieties as Tiras, Skarbnitsa, Zeleny gai, Nevska, Svitanok kievsky, Levada and Yavir. For two-harvest potato varieties of greatest importance is their ability to interrupt resting and sprout when chemically stimulated, this concerns freshly harvested tubers planted in summer. The varieties that meet such requirements most fully are the following ones: Kobza, Tiras, Dnipryanka, Podolyanka, Skarbnitsa, Nevska, Svitanok kievsky and Yavir.
Conclusion. When choosing potato varieties to be cultivated under irrigation in the Southern Ukraine, the following varieties should be opted for: early-season ones – Kobza, Tiras, Skarbnitsa; middle-early ones – Nevska, Levada; mid-ripening ones – Yavir and Slovyanka which are characterized by their high productivity under harsh weather and climatic conditions and their aptitude for two harvests.

Key words: potatoes, variety, spring planting, сcultivar, summer planting, two harvest culture.

Y. Lavrynenko, G. Balashova, I. Bugaeva. Getting elite potatoes on the basis of improvement in the conditions of irrigation of the South of Ukraine.

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Ю. А. Лавриненко, Г. С. Балашова, И. П. Бугаева. Получение элиты картофеля на оздоровленной основе в условиях орошения юга Украины.
Представлены результаты исследований по сокращению срока получения элиты картофеля до 1,5 лет полевого репродуцирования, уменьшению возможного заражения растений вирусными болезнями, снижению негативного воздействия жестких погодных условий на процесс вырождения материала, увеличению коэффициента размножения и сохранению сортовых качеств картофеля в условиях засушливого климата юга Украины.

Ю. О. Лавриненко, Г. С. Балашова, І. П. Бугаєва. Одержання еліти картоплі на оздоровленій основі в умовах зрошення півдня України.
Висвітлено результати досліджень щодо скорочення строку одержання еліти картоплі до 1,5 року польового репродукування, зменшення можливого перезараження рослин вірусними хворобами, зниження негативного впливу жорстких погодних умов на процес виродження матеріалу, збільшення коефіцієнта розмноження і збереження сортових якостей картоплі в умовах посушливого клімату півдня.