Бандура І. І.

Bandura I., Kulyk A., Chausov S., Tsyz O. Influence of plant substrate composition on the efficiency of edible mushrooms cultivation Cyclocybe aegerita (V. Brig.), Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quel., Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer and Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Singer

web-mnau

UDC 635.8

 

Bandura I.

Kulyk A.

Chausov S.

Tsyz O.

 

Wood mushroom species are able to grow on lingo-cellulose materials like sawdust, wood chips, and agricultural postharvest residues because of having high saprophyte characters. Therefore, industrial mushroom producers tried to find the optimal substrate ingredients from local agriculture wastes for the production of edible xylotrophic species with high efficiency. The costumer’s attractiveness of mushrooms is because they are widely used as a source of biologically active substances such as unique β-glucans, amino acids, proteins, and so on. In recent years, scientists have been writing about improving techniques for the cultivation of species new to the European market: poplar mushroom (Cyclocybe aegerita), gold oyster mushroom (Pleurotus citrinopileatus) and enoki mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes). The species are cultivating in the Asia countries with success but we don’t have adapted technology of industrial production to local conditions still. The purpose of this research was to check the opportunity to grow 3 species (4 strains) in one time using local agricultural residues and plant components.
The optimal substrate formula was found in this investigation: barley straw, powder from sunflower husk, rape grain, and residues from corn processing. The technic parameters were: humidity – 66,3±1,4%; total nitrogen – 2,55±0,27%; ash content – 4,9±0,6; C/N ratio – 19,4±1,8/1; density – 325±23 kg/m³. The biological efficiency was obtained from a minimum in 43% (white enoki) to a maximum of 66% (gold enoki) with using this formula. The time of the first flush crop was noted from 32 days (gold oyster mushroom) to 47 days (white enoki).
In fact, the result of this research proved the possibility of successful mushrooms growing with using local agricultural and grain processing wastes. The technical conditions were described what could be the base of technology for industrial production of species with high medicinal and nutritional properties.

Keywords: poplar mushroom (Cyclocybe aegerita), gold oyster mushroom (Pleurotus citrinopileatus), enoki mushrooms (Flammulina velutipes), biological efficiency, technological cycle.

 

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