Krutyakova V., Pyliak N., Dyshliuk V., Nikipelova O. Efficiency of application of biofertilizers on the basis of sewage sludge of treatment facilities of Odessa

UDC 631.461:631.8

 

Krutyakova V.

Pyliak N.

Dyshliuk V.

Nikipelova O.

 

In recent years, due to the shortage of traditional organic fertilizers (cattle manure), due to the destruction of the livestock industry, the idea of using sewage sludge  and / or compost based on them in agriculture has become increasingly popular. In most cases, the fertilizing value of ERUs is not inferior to traditional organic fertilizers (or exceed it). Proper use of sewage sludges will increase soil fertility and crop yields, ensure environmental protection. The purpose of research – to determine the effectiveness of new biofertilizers based on sewage sludge treatment plants in Odesa in the technology of growing corn. Research methods: field, microbiological, statistical. The effectiveness of biofertilizers based on sewage sludge was studied in the field experiment on ordinary humus black soil, which is characterized by the following agrochemical parameters: humus content – 3.67 %; mobile forms of nitrogen – 14.2 mg/kg; phosphorus – 52.4 mg/kg; potassium – 601.2 mg/kg; pH (aq) – 7.4. The culture in the experiment: corn for grain (medium-ripe hybrid FAO 400). The experiment studied the effectiveness of direct action of experimental composts obtained using the biotechnological method (composting sewage sludges with fillers and bacterization of the composted mass to enhance the mobilization of phosphorus from hard-to-reach ERUs in readily available). Doses of application of native sewage sludges and composts based on them in the soil were equalized by their content of total nitrogen. Tillage – common (plowing to a depth of 20-25 cm, early spring harrowing). Maize was sown in the first decade of May at a stable  temperature (over 10 ºC). The scheme of placement of plants – 40-45 thousand pieces/hectare. According to the results of field research it is established that the use of new biofertilizers based on sewage sludge of biological treatment plants “Southern” and “Northern” of Odesa in corn cultivation technologies increases the quantitative characteristics of microorganisms of different ecological and trophic groups, which, in turn, helps to increase soil fertility and corn yield for grain.

 

Keywords: biological treatment plants, bioorganic fertilizers, efficiency, ecological and trophic groups of microorganisms, rhizosphere, soil fertility.

 

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