Шарата Н.Г.

O. Novikov, N. Potryvaieva, N. Sharata, M Korkhova, A. Chernova, M. Karpenko. Efficiency of seed production in the context of development of the southern region of Ukraine

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UDC 631.53.01.003.13(477.7)

 

O. Novikov

N. Potryvaieva

N.Sharata

M. Korkhova

A. Chernova

M. Karpenko

Mykolaiv National Agrarian University

 

The article highlights the project of seed production in the main area of grain production – the southern region, improving the agricultural education system, in particular in the training of specialists in “Seed Production”, which consists of research and development and their direction to create and implement new competitive technologies for seed production, grain crops and the introduction of the most effective innovative methods of teaching disciplines “Breeding and Seed Production”, “Seed Science” on the basis of the Mykolaiv National Agrarian University (MNAU).

The authors analyze the need to create and operate a Center for the production of basic and certified seeds of new varieties of basic cereals in natural and artificial moisture in southern Ukraine with the participation of research institutions of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, industrial enterprises of Ukraine, members of Consortium (TRPC) “Southern”, the Southern Interregional Research Center of NAAS and providing quality seeds to agricultural producers. Such integration of science, education and production will help improve the quality of education in the training of specialists in “Seed Production” in “Agronomy”, provide producers with high quality seeds of new varieties recommended for distribution in the Southern region and provide them with scientific and practical recommendations on new seed technologies. To implement the MNAU project, stable conditions have been created for growing cereal seeds and a scientific base for studying the adaptive characteristics of promising varieties for irrigated lands, 400 hectares of modern irrigation using the latest Zimmatic sprinklers. Since 2014, more than 200 varieties of grain crops of all breeding centers of Ukraine and foreign originators have been tested, the results of which can be found annually at the International and All-Ukrainian Field Days and in the Variety Catalog. Preparatory work on the purchase and commissioning of a mobile universal cleaning machine SSC 60/10 based on Petcus P-12 for pre-sowing preparation of cereal seeds.

It is determined that tax revenues to the budget for the years of project implementation with a total value of 12668.7 thousand UAH. will amount to UAH 3,958.5 thousand. UAH, return on investment 144.32%, and the payback period is 2.6 years. Thus, a comprehensive analysis of world developments and own research on the analysis of seed production in the southern region, establishing the impact of varietal characteristics under irrigation on grain productivity and yield of conditioned seeds of winter wheat, winter barley and spring barley in recent years, taking into account weather and climatic conditions identify correlations between the main factors and build economic and mathematical models, identify the most potentially high-yielding and adapted to arid conditions of the Southern Steppe of Ukraine varieties, develop seed production technology for each studied variety that will ensure high competitiveness and food security of Ukraine in the international market.

Keywords: seed production, grain crops, varieties, irrigation, economic efficiency, project

 

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N. Sharata, I. Pavlov. The essence of the modern term «Public administration».

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N. Sharata

I. Pavlov

One of the main factors in ensuring democratic progress of Ukraine on the principles of European integration values is the introduction of an effective system of governance in all social spheres, since Ukraine, as a European state, seeks not only to ensure successful socio-political and socio-economic reforms, but also to achieve a new quality of life, harmonization of social relations.

The processes of social transformation, the introduction of European standards led to the search for new approaches to understanding the definition of «state administration».

The article analyzes the definitions of «management» and «public administration». The author, in accordance with the analysis of theoretical sources on the history of management thought, the researches of scientists, concluded that practically in the study of the concept of «management» is treated as a special type of activity through which its subjects through the solving the management tasks provide the organization of a common management and guidance subsystems to achieve effective goals and we agree with it.

The paper generalizes the directions of researches by leading scientists concerning the definition of «state administration» and defines the  approaches to the understanding of this concept. In particular, the basis for the definition of the multi-faced concept of «public administration» is that some scholars use the approach according to which state administration is a branch of science that encompasses many disciplines, which includes the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government. Other scholars regard state administration as a sub-branch of law. The article presents author’s vision for the definition of «state administration». According to the author, «public administration is a system of elements of state power, which has executive and administrative character and is aimed at regulating social relations in various spheres of state policy». Public administration has a dominant character and the state is the key to this system. In the state administration, the object is the state, the subjects are the executive bodies, the leaders and the management of these bodies.

Key words: governance, state administration, the state, state policy, executive branch.

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