№3(107)2020

Hospodarenko H., Cherno O., Boiyko V., Liubych V. Assimilation of basic nutrients from soil and mineral fertilizers of grain wheat on the black grain of the podzolized sand of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine

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UDC 631.55:664.64.016:633.11:631.8

 

Hospodarenko H.

Cherno O.

Boiyko V.

Liubych V.

 

The effect results of prolonged use of different doses and ratios of fertilizers on chernozem podzolized in a field crop rotation under the conditions of  Right-Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine on the content of essential nutrients in winter wheat grain and straw, the precursor of which was soybean, were shown. It has been found that, due to different doses, ratios and types of fertilizers, the nitrogen content of winter wheat grain increased by 13–49%, phosphorus by 3–19 %, and potassium by 6–14%. With grain, winter wheat absorbs nitrogen most – 49.4–147.8 kg/ha and phosphorus – 22.1–51.9 kg Р2О5/ha, and potassium – only 15.0–32.6 kg K2О/ha, depending on yield and quality. It is estimated that 27–33% of nitrogen, 35–36 % – of phosphorus and 74–76% of potassium are returned to the soil with winter wheat straw from economic removal depending on fertilizer doses.
The calculations showed that in the main and non marketable part of crop, nutrients are contained not only in different quantity but also in different proportions. With the main products, winter wheat absorbs nitrogen most and potassium least, and with the non marketable part of crop, on the contrary, potassium is absorbed more than nitrogen. It should also be noted that a lot of phosphorus is absorbed from the soil with grain – 22.1–53.6 kg Р2О5/ha depending on crop and fertilizer variant. Most phosphorus was absorbed at the production control (N110P60K80 variant) – 53.6 kg Р2О5/ha.
The calculations showed that with non marketable winter wheat products, 27–33% of nitrogen is returned from the economic absorbing, depending on the experiment. The phosphorus absorbing coefficient with the non marketable part of crop is a more stable indicator and is in the range of 0.35–0.36. With regard to potassium, its straw absorbing coefficient was the highest and amounted to 0.74–0.76. Since potassium does not form complex organic compounds in plants, having entered the soil, it will be easily available to subsequent crop rotation. This should be taken into account when developing potash fertilizer application system.
For the formation of 1 ton of basic and appropriate quantity of non marketable winter wheat, it consumes 20.5–28.2 kg of nitrogen. Phosphorus consumption indicator is more stable and varies from 6.2 to 7.4 and straw is only 2.0 to 2.3 kg P2O5/t. Potassium (4.2–4.8 kg K2О/t) was spent least on forming the unit of grain, while at the same time, 7.0–8.8 kg K2О/t was spent on the formation of non marketable products. For the crop formation of marketable unit and the corresponding amount of non marketable products winter wheat absorbs the nutrients in the following ratio N: Р2О5: K2О – 1: 0,4: 0,7.

Keywords: winter wheat, podzolic heavy clayloam chernozem, content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, economic removal.

 

References:

  1. Hlisnikovski, L., Kunzovaб E. (2014). Effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on yieldand technological parameters of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on illimerized luvisol. Polish Journal of Agronomy, 17, 18-24.
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  8. Eremin, D. V. (2018). Agro-economic assessment of mineral fertilizers used in the Tyumen region. News of the Orenburg State Agrarian University, 4(72), 26-30.
  9. Balyuk, S. A., Lisovy`j, M. V. (2016). Dovidny`k normaty`vny`x pokazny`kiv yakosti produkciyi sil`s`kogospodars`ky`x kul`tur u rizny`x g`runtovo-klimaty`chny`x zonax Ukrayiny` (dovidny`kovo-normaty`vna informaciya). Xarkiv: Smugasta ty`pografiya, 46 s.
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Kaminskyi V., Asanishvili N. Economic efficiency of maize growing technologies of different levels of intensity

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UDC 631.15:631.8:632.954

 

Kaminskyi V.

Asanishvili N.

 

The article presents the results of research on improving the economic efficiency of technologies for growing corn of different levels of intensity in the Forest-Steppe.
The aim of research: on the basis of economic evaluation to establish the effectiveness of technologies for growing corn for grain depending on the level of intensity and determine the most appropriate of them to realize the potential of crop productivity with maximum use of agroclimatic and production resources. The research was carried out during 2011-2019 on the dark gray wooded soil of the Forest-Steppe with the use of field, quantitative-weight, mathematical-statistical and comparative-calculation methods. According to the indicators of yield, production costs, cost of 1 ton of grain, profit and profitability, the effectiveness of different doses of mineral fertilizers and the use of by-products of the predecessor, weed control measures (mechanical inter-row treatments and herbicides), plant growth stimulants and foliar fertilization with microfertilizers, as well as their combination in the technology of growing corn for grain. It was found that the saturation of the technology of growing corn by means of increasing stress resistance and adaptability of plants in agrocenosis, as well as ensuring the appropriate phytosanitary condition of crops in terms of weeds contributes to an increase of 8.0-28.0% yield and increase profits by 9.0-48,5% for an increase in profitability from 83-162 to 90-166%. It is proved that the cultivation of early-maturing maize hybrids with mineral fertilizers in doses above N180P120K180 is economically unreasonable, although it provides more than 10 t / ha of grain, as it increases production costs, reduces profits and causes a significant drop in profitability.
Taking into account the production strategy, cost-effective resource-saving, intensive and high-intensity technologies have been singled out, which provide stable yield of early-ripening maize hybrid at the level of 6.16-7.08; 7.58-8.77 and 9.87 t/ha in the Forest-Steppe conditions, respectively, with a profit of 19.03-22.07; 19.7-23.96 and 25.13 thousand UAH/ha with a profitability of 128-166; 108-121 and 104%.

Keywords: corn, growing technology, intensification, resource saving, yield, grain cost, profit, profitability.

 

References:

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Mytskevych N., Mytskevych D. Automation of relations with customers as a tool of management of agricultural enterprises

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UDC 330.47

 

Mytskevych N.

Mytskevych D.

 

The article considers the use of CRM-system in the economic activity of the enterprise and the advantages that this innovation provides to business. It was studied that the CRM-system is a system that aims to build a stable business strategy of the enterprise, a tool for customer relationship management, which is based on the concept of affiliate marketing. It was determined that the implementation of the CRM system can optimize the activities of agricultural enterprises.
Agriculture is one of the promising areas of activity that ensures the country’s food independence, forms a significant share of gross income and the state budget.
In Ukraine, this industry occupies a leading position in the country’s foreign economic activity and, thus, makes a significant contribution to the development of its economy. NIBULON LLC cooperates not only with leading Ukrainian and European banks, but also with well-known international financial institutions such as the IBRD, the EIB, the World Bank, the EBRD and the IFC. For large-scale activities of the researched enterprise, it is important to actively determine the number of contractors and track information about them. For each company, the relationship with contractors is extremely important, because their quality construction depends on the company’s profits.
The study considers and evaluates the existing system of relationships with contractors in the enterprise, identifies existing advantages, disadvantages and makes suggestions for the implementation of the CRM system in the enterprise.
Orders take little time to process, as the company has an information base for each customer, which indicates the average order for previous periods and other information. The corrected and generated order should be sent to the logistics department, which confirms the order and clarifies the terms. The final order and all its data can be tracked by all participants in the process: the customer, the manager and the logistician.
After completing the order the customer receives a notification of its delivery, can track its movement and contact the driver of the vehicle carrying out the order.
In the application network, the manager has ability to track all his customers and their orders, but customers do not see each other and can only interact with managers.
Use of such platform allows to receive exact data on orders of clients, their volume, speed of delivery and information processing that allows to carry out the qualitative analysis and to increase efficiency of activity of the enterprise.
In order to optimize the work of managers, create an information base and improve customer relations, the implementation of the CRM-system allows to use it as a tool for enterprise transparency.

Keywords: automation, novation, information system, CRM system, marketing tactics, effective use of information, customer relations, business model, export, management, enterprise.

 

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Kovalenko А., Bushilov V. Economic efficiency of cultivation of pumiselect clone root in commodity nursery

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UDC 631.541.1.003.13

 

Kovalenko А.

Bushilov V.

 

Increasing the production of legumes, to a large extent, is based both on increasing the area they occupy and on a significant increase in yield, which is more rational and efficient.
According to horticultural experts, a promising rootstock for seed crops may be the dwarf clonal rootstock Pumiselect, which at the previous stage of varietal study was quite attractive for growing seedlings of apricot, peach and plum.
The aim of the study is to conduct a comparative analysis of methods of growing seedlings of legumes on clonal and vegetative rootstocks, improving the basic elements of their reproduction, as well as determining the main direction of their production taking into account the region and economic efficiency of clone rootstock Pumiselect for legumes of the Plum family by cuttings (vertical, horizontal) and cuttings (woody).
To find promising ways to propagate the clone rootstock Pumiselect in the southern region of Ukraine, experiments were conducted in the experimental field of LLC “Pidgurievske” Mykolaiv region. The classic technology of growing clonal rootstocks for fruit crops is represented by vertical and horizontal cuttings. The quality of rootstocks and their number obtained by the method of vertical cuttings is lower than by the method of horizontal cuttings, but they can be obtained annually, while horizontal cuttings ─ in a year. Therefore, in commodity nurseries most often use the vertical method of propagation of rootstocks, to a lesser extent ─ horizontal.
A significant proportion of clonal rootstocks remains in nurseries for seedling production. A number of small horticultural farms grow grafted seedlings, while not growing rootstocks, and purchase them in specialized enterprises.
Taking into account the different biometric indicators of planting material used during the establishment of the uterine-cutting garden, despite the quality and timely implementation of agricultural measures throughout the life cycle of plantations, the plant array remains quite colorful. The number of shoots, their length, even neighboring plants, can vary significantly. Even if the total length of growth of several plants is the same, the structure of the shoots from which the cuttings are harvested may be different. Of great importance are indicators such as the number of shoots and their average length. These circumstances ultimately affect the productivity of plantations, determine the feasibility of their operation.
The prospect of implementing the technology of propagation of rootstock pumiselect in commercial nurseries with woody cuttings is preceded by its comparison with the existing technology of propagation by reverse cuttings. Most often in the nursery calculations are per unit of output, which is convenient to operate.
The expediency of growing clone rootstocks with woody cuttings is determined by a number of organizational and economic indicators in comparison with similar indicators when growing them by traditional technology. Given that the method of propagation of rootstocks by woody cuttings has a significant specificity, the components of material and monetary costs associated with cultivation are also quite specific.
According to the complex indicators of the efficiency of clonal rootstock production, Pumiselect has the advantage of the method of their propagation by woody cuttings in comparison with the propagation by cuttings. In addition, the experiment revealed an increase in yield and improved quality of shoots harvested from the cutting plant. Drawing an analogy with the propagation of berry crops by cuttings, we came to the conclusion that it is advisable to lay the plantings more dense, drip irrigation. Also for grafting it is necessary to use physiologically active substances, mulching, optimization of soil-air regime and moistening in the rootstock during the entire growing season.

Keywords: clone stock, breeding method, economic efficiency, profitability, profitability.

 

References:

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Honcharenko I., Zhezhuha V., Tverdovska A., Skibinski N. Development of inbound tourism of Lviv and Mykolaiv regions

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UDC 339.92:332

 

Honcharenko I.

Zhezhuha V.

Tverdovska A.

Skibinski N.

 

Ukraine has all the prerequisites for the intensive development of inbound tourism. For the tourism sector of Ukraine, recent years have become quite difficult.
According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization for the period from 2011 to 2018, the number of people who visited Ukraine with a travel company, generally decreased from 234 thousand to 52 thousand.
Therefore, there is a need to intensify efforts to develop activities aimed at creating packages of tourist services by enterprises engaged in the host regions, accommodation, food, transportation, leisure, etc. and promote them on world markets.
Prospects for the spread of tourism activities based on the study of conditions and features of its implementation in Lviv and Mykolaiv regions, developed recommendations for the formation of comprehensive tourism proposals for the development of inbound tourism in the regions.
The attractiveness of the national tourism sector stimulates the growth of tourist flows and ensures the socio-economic development of the country.
Historically, Lviv region is a region where the prospects of the tourism and resort industry were and remain one of the best in Ukraine. The Nikolaev area has much more modest achievements in the field of tourism, and needs fuller realization of available potential.
The comparative success of Lviv region in the field of tourism is quite obvious, but today, along with a number of positive trends, there are a number of problematic issues that hinder the development of tourism, recreation and sanatorium-resort sphere of the region.
Therefore, their quick and effective solution (or minimization of their impact) will create the necessary conditions for improving the quality of tourist services.
A promising direction of intensification of tourist flows not only in a particular region, but also the continuation of routes to potentially attractive tourist centers of Ukraine, is the formation of complex products based on a combination of potentials of different regions of the country.
The results of the analysis indicate that the main problem in the regions is the lack of Tourism Development Programs where the list of effective measures at the regional and local levels is clearly defined.
Such measures should primarily include: the formation of competitive tourism products; providing safe and comfortable transport services, accommodation, meals; advanced training of staff working in the tourism industry.

Keywords: Potential, tourism, inbound tourism, tourist product. 

 

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