UDC 636.4.082

V. Melnyk
A. Stelmach
V. Kudryashova

 

This article describes basic reproductive qualities of Landrace sows. During the study the productivity of sows in nine farrows and older was analyzed. It was found that after the fifth farrow the sows’ high-fertility had reduced, but their large-fertility had increased. Milking of sows ranged from 51,3 to 59,4kg. The best sows (Landrace breed) should be used up to 10 farrows.
There is a limited number of leading researches on the features of Landrace pig breeds according to their age dynamics and reproductive qualities. We analyzed these figures at the best breeding Farm in Mykolayiv region. Landrace pig belong to one of the most common breeds of meat production in the world.
Evaluation of reproductive qualities of sows was carried out with the help of conventional livestock methods in 2014-2015.
Modern pig breeding is a highly developed industry with huge livestock production potential. Based on scientific advances in pork production in many countries have been improvements in existing and newly created high-breed pigs with the help of effective technology in terms of line pork production in large industrial complexes and in small farms. The great achievements have been obtained in breeding, improving Landrace pig performance.

Key words: reproduction quality, high-fertility, preservation, large-fertility, Landrace breed.

Reproductive qualities of landrace sows’ breed in the conditions of “Mig−Service−Agro” breeding farm.

Issue 2(90), Part 2, 2016

UDC 636.2:591.392:578.83

I. Liuta

 

The question of the impact of “direct transplantation” cryopreserved embryos in pregnant cows.
Transplantation of cattle embryos in German Holstein cows (black and pockmarked suit) was held at the farm of “Krok-UkrZalizBud” (Chernihiv region. ). 25 transplants of embryos used 25 heifers’ recipients who underwent non-surgical embryo transplantation. The embryos were frozen under the following conditions: 10 seconds in the air for 20 seconds in a water bath at + 25C (the recommendations of the German manufacturer embryos «VOSt-ET»). It is shown that increasing the term of embryos in liquid nitrogen did not affect significantly the viability of embryos. Research has found that the use of hormones “Estrofan” to synchronize estrus in heifers’ recipients can increase significantly the number of heifers suitable for transplantation embryos. Chosen for heifers with yellow bodies, excellent sexual cycle and good quality. Embryo transplant recipients with questionable luteum were carried out. Animals that come to conceive spontaneously (without injection “Estrofan”) showed a better survival rate of embryos, but the figures were the same. The results showed that a clear selection of heifer’s recipient had a significant impact on the transplant of embryos in cattle. During the investigation, significant results were shown in the efficiency of engraftment following transplant recipients. Among the used embryos (n = 25) was 60. 0% at the late morula stage and 40. 0% – early blastocyst. This revealed that early blastocysts transplant recipient heifers pregnancy was at 40. 0% (4 of 10), thoses transplanted late morula also settled down at 40. 0% (6 of 15). Analysis of experimental data shows that the method of “direct transplantation” is very effective and can show results in recipients of 40. 0%. Pregnancy rate were close to domestic and international levels during transplantation of cryopreserved embryos in cattle. As a result of research obtained at the farm of “Krok-UkrZalizBud” seven heifers and three bulls were born (one of whom was stillborn).

Key words: transplantation of embryos, the corpus luteum, cryopreserved embryos, recipient- heifers, pregnancy.

Legislative features of the accounting support of expenses and income of enterprises.

Issue 2(90), Part 2, 2016

UDC 636.47.082.22

V. Lykhach, Candidate of Agrarian Sciences
A. Lykhach, Candidate of Agrarian Sciences
S. Kish, Graduate student,
Mykolayiv National Agrarian University

 

To determine the conditions for the formation of  biochemical processes in meat and its quality we need to examine the level and nature of development of autolytic changes in the tissues. Quality changes in meat occur during its maturing process conditioned by a complex enzymatic, autolytic transformations in muscle and connective tissues. However, it is known that the quality of the meat and the nature of the autolytic processes after slaughter of the animal depend on the conditions of feeding and breeding, pre-mortem content and degree of stress sensitivity of pigs. In this regard, the study of biochemical processes in meat depends on different stress sensitivity and the conditions of raising pigs is a very important issue, which requires further scientific development.
In this regard, the objective of our research was to determine the percolation characteristics of autolytic processes in the meat of pigs combination ♀(LW×L)×♂P obtained from animals with different stressful sensitivity grown under different conditions, and to conduct a comparative evaluation of the organoleptic characteristics of meat.
According to the results of the research, it was found that meat obtained from pigs with different stressful sensitivity and those that were fed in different conditions with intensive technology in the period of maturation and storage has a different character of biochemical changes, which cause different quality.
In meat obtained from animals of stress-resistant animals the most intensive changes occur during the first 24 hours after slaughter. After 45 minutes of storage, pork shows a high glycogen content, low concentration of glucose and lactic acid, high pH environment. After this there continues to be a gradual decrease in the number of glycogen, increase the content of glucose and lactic acid, the pH of the medium stabilizes in the range of 5. 6. Due to this nature of the biochemical changes and meat on the second or third day to matures and has high consumer properties. Boiled meat and broth have excellent assessment.
In meat obtained from the stress-sensitive animals that are fed together with stress-resistant animals 45 min after slaughter and during the subsequent days of observations autolytic processes followed less intensively. As a result of such changes pork on the second or third day had low consumer properties, cooked meat and broth had an assessment within the average.
Further research is planned to study the formation of biochemical processes and meat quality of pigs of specialized meat breeds with different methods of breeding.

Biochemical processes in the meat of pigs of different sensitivity to stress and growing conditions.

Issue 2(90), Part 2, 2016